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Sem 2-Exam 3
Nervous System A & P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Primary Function of Nervous System | Communication-Coordination-Control of all body processes |
| What are the three basic activity functions of the Nervous System | Sensory-Integrative-Motor |
| Refers to the systems ability to detect a broad spectrum of stimuli | Sensory Function |
| Encompass the system's capacity to process sensory information and direct single or multiple body responses | Integrative Function |
| The transport of commands from the brain via nerves to activate the muscles, glands, and organs of the body | Motor Function |
| Two Major divisions of the Nervous System | Central Nervous System (CNS) & Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| The integrative center that receives and interprets all sensory information & directs motor responses | Central Nervous System (CNS) |
| Composed of sensory receptors and network of nerves that relay sensory & motor information from the CNS | Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| Components of CNS | Brain and Spinal Cord |
| Components of PNS | Cranial and Spinal Nerves |
| Transmits impulse towards the cell body | Axon |
| Region where an action potential is generated | Axon Hillock |
| Location of the synaptic bulbs | Axon Terminal |
| Insulating sheath of fat | Myelin |
| Location of the neuron's nucleus | Cell Body |
| Transmit impulse towards the cell body | Dendrites |
| Location of DNA | Nucleus |
| Carries impulses to the CNS | Sensory Neuron |
| Found only in CNS | Interneuron |
| Carries impulses to effectors | Motor Neuron |
| One fiber with a cell body off to one side; responsible for sensory function | Unipolar Neuron |
| Cell body between one dendrite and one axon; found in retina and inner ear | Bipolar Neuron |
| Many dendrites and one axon; found in CNS-Motor Function | Multipolar Neuron |
| Plasma membrane of a Schwann cell; known as protective sheaths of myelin | Neurilemma |
| Contains vesicles with neurotransmitters | Synaptic Bulb |
| Six parts of the Neuroglia (glial cell) | Astrocytes-Oligodendrocytes-Microglia-Ependymal Cell-Schwann Cell-Satellite Cell |
| Functions include maintaining the chemical environment for conduction nerve impulse, structural support of neurons, & forming scar tissue to nervous system after injury | Astrocytes |
| Makes and maintains the Myelin & only found in CNS | Oligodendrocytes |
| CNS Phagocytes (eats cellular debris, microbes, and damaged nerve tissue) | Microglia |
| Form ganglia in the PNS | Satellite Cells |
| Make and maintain myelin in the PNS | Schwann Cells |
| Forms cerebral spinal fluid within the CNS | Ependymal Cells |
| Functions to protect the axon, electrically insulates fibers from one another, & increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission | Myelin Sheath |
| Loose connective tissue that surrounds axon | Endoneurium |
| Coarse connective tissue that bundles fibers into fascicles | Perineurium |
| Tough fibrous sheathe around a nerve | Epineurium |
| How many pairs of cranial nerves originate from brain | 12 pairs (13 pairs if including the Terminal (C0)) |
| Cranial Nerve that senses pheromones | Terminal (C0) |
| Cranial Nerve that carries sensory impulses from nose to olfactory centers in the brain | Olfactory (CI) |
| Cranial nerve that carries sensory impulses from the eyes to the vision centers in the brain | Optic (CII) |
| Cranial nerve that conducts motor commands to muscles the move the eyes and adjust the lens and iris of the eyes | Oculomotor (CIII) |
| Cranial Nerve that conducts motor commands to one of the muscles that moves the eyes | Trochlear (CIV) |
| Carries sensory impulses from the skin of the face and from the mucosa of the nose and mouth to the brain & carries motors commands of chewing muscles | Trigeminal (CV) |
| Cranial nerve that conducts motor commands to external muscles that rolls the eye laterally | Abducens (CVI) |
| Cranial nerve that conducts motor commands of facial expression & sensory impulses from anterior taste buds of tongue to gustatory centers of brain | Facial (CVII) |
| Cranial nerve that carries sensory impulse from cochlea tot he auditory centers of the brain & from the semicircular canal and vestibule to the cerebellum | Vestibulocochlear (CVIII) |
| Cranial nerve that carries sensory impulses from posterior taste buds of the tongue and pressure impulses from baroreceptors in the carotid artery of the brain | Glossopharyngeal (CIX) |
| Cranial nerve that carries sensory impulses from mouth, throat, and thoracic and abdominal viscera to the brain | Vagus (CX) |
| Cranial nerve that conducts motor commands to SCM and trapezius muscles | Accessory (CXI) |
| Cranial nerve that conducts motor commands for movement of the tongue | Hypoglossal (CXII) |
| How many spinal nerves are there | 31 pairs (8 cervical-12 thoracic-5 lumbar-5 sacral-1 coccygeal) |
| What are the 4 cranial nerves manual therapist need to know | Trigeminal (CV)-Facial (CVII)-Vagus (CX)-Accessory (CXII) |
| What ae the four major nerve plexuses | Cervical-Brachial-Lumbar-Sacral |
| Plexus that includes C1 through C5 spinal nerves and innervates skin, posterior head, neck & upper shoulder; including phrenic nerve | Cervical Plexus |
| Major motor and sensory nerve that innervates the diaphragm | Phrenic Nerve |
| Plexus that includes C5 through C8 and T1 spinal nerves; innervates pectoral girdle and entire upper extremities (axillary-musculocutaneous-radial-ulnar & median nerves) | Brachial Plexus |
| Plexus consisting of L1 through L4 spinal nerves; innervates effectors of lumbar, abdominal, and thigh region (ilioinguinal, obturator, femoral, & lateral femoral cutaneous nerves) | Lumbar Plexus |
| Plexus that formed by L4 through S4 spinal nerves; innervates pelvic and lower extremities (gluteal, sciatic, posterior femoral, tribal, and fibular) | Sacral Plexus |
Created by:
JML19
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