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"CARDIOVASCULAR SYS"
STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT ARE THE STRUCTURES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ? | * THE HEART * THE BLOOD VESSELS |
| HOW MANY TIMES A DAY DOES THE HEARTS BEAT ? | 100,000 X , CIRCULATING APPROXIMATELY 5L OF BLOOD |
| WHAT ARE THE 4 FUNCTIONS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ? | * TRANSPORT NUTRIENTS & OXYGEN TO THE BODY * TRANSPORT WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THE CELL TO THE KIDNEYS FOR EXCRETION *DISTRIBUTE HORMONES AND ANTIBODIES THROUGHOUT THE BODY * HELP CONTROL BODY TEMPERATURE AND MAINTAIN ELECTROLYTE BALANCE (HOMEOSTASIS |
| WHERE IS THE HEART LOCATED ? | LOCATED BETWEEN THE LUNGS IN THE THORACIC CAVITY. POSITIONED PARTIALLY TO THE LEFT OF THE STERNUM |
| HOW MANY SIDES IN THE HEART ? | THE HEART IS A TWO-SIDED, DOUBLE PUMP |
| HOW MUCH DOES THE HEART WEIGHTS ? | WEIGHTS LESS THAN A POUND, AND IS SLIGHTLY LARGER THAN A FIST |
| WHAT DOES THE "RIGHT SIDE" OF THE HEART DO ? | PUMPS OXYGEN-POOR BLOOD TO THE LUNGS (PULMONARY CIRCULATION) |
| WHAT DOES THE "LEFT SIDE" OF THE HEART DO ? | PUMPS OXYGEN-RICH BLOOD TO THE REST OF THE BODY (SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION) |
| WHAT IS THE "HEPATIC CIRCULATION" ? | REFERS TO THE PATH OF THE BLOOD FROM THE INTESTINES,GALLBLADDER,PANCREAS,STOMACH AND SPLEEN THROUGH THE LIVER |
| WHAT DOES THE LIVER STORES ? | IT STORES & MODIFIES NUTRIENTS IN THE BLOOD FOR USED BY THE BODY, IT ALSO REMOVES OR ALTERS TOXIC SUBSTANCES SO THAT THEY MAY BE ELIMINATED BY THE URINARY SYSTEM |
| WHAT HAPPENS TO THE NUTRIENT-RICH BLOOD THAT THE LIVER HAS FILTER ? | IS RETURNED TO THE HEART THROUGH THE INFERIOR VENA CANA FOR USE THROUGHOUT THE BODY |
| THE HEART HAS HOW MANY CHAMBERS? | FOUR (4) |
| WHAT ARE THE FOUR (4) CHAMBERS OF THE HEART ? | THE ATRIA IS THE TOP CHAMBERS & THE BOTTOM CHAMBERS ARE CALLED VENTRICLES |
| WHERE DOES THE BLOOD ENTERS & LEAVES THE HEART ? | THE BLOOD ENTERS THE HEARTS THROUGH THE ATRIA AND LEAVES THE HEARTS FROM THE VENTRICLES |
| WHAT ARE THE FOUR (4) VALVES OF THE HEART ? | * THE 2 ANTRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES (AV VALVES),PREVENT THE BLOOD FROM FLOWING BACKWARD THROUGH THE SYSTEM. THE SEPARATE THE ATRIA & VENTRICULES ON EACH SIDE OF THE HEART. * THE 2 SEMILUNAR VALVES (SL VALVES), SEPARATE THE VENTRICULES FROM OUTGOING VESSELS |
| WHAT DOES THE SEPTUM DO ? | DIVIDES THE RIGHT AND LEFT SIDE OF THE HEART |
| THE HEART HAS HOW MANY LAYERS OF TISSUE ? | THREE (3) |
| NAME THE THREE (3) LAYERS OF TISSUE OF THE HEART. | *ENDOCARDIUM * MYOCARDIUM *PERICARDIUM |
| WHAT IS THE ENDORCARDIUM ? | SMOOTH LAYER OF CELLS LINING THE INSIDE OF THE HEART AND FORMING THE VALVES |
| WHAT IS THE MYOCARDIUM ? | THE THICKEST LAYER, CONSISTING OF MUSCLE TISSUE |
| WHAT IS THE PERICARDIUM ? | DOUBLE MEMBRANE THAT COVERS THE OUTSIDE OF THE HEART, PROVIDING LUBRICATION BETWEEN THE HEART AND SURROUNDING STRUCTURES TO PREVENT TISSUE DAMAGE |
| PERICARDIUM SAC IS MADE UP OF? | MADE UP OF THE INNER SEROUS (WATERY)& OUTER FIBROUS LAYERS |
| HOW MANY TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS IN THE BODY ? | THREE (3) |
| WHAT ARE THE THREE (3) MAIN TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS IN THE BODY ? | *ARTERIES *VEINS * CAPILLARIES |
| FUNCTIONS OF THE ARTERIES? | CARRY BLOOD AWAY FROM THE HEART |
| FUNCTIONS OF THE VEINS? | CARRY BLOOD BACK TO THE HEART |
| FUNCTIONS OF THE CAPILLARIES? | MICROSCOPIC VESSELS THAT CARRY BLOOD BETWEEN THE ARTERIAL & VENOUS VESSELS |
| NAME OF THE LARGEST ARTERY IN THE BODY ? | AORTA |
| ARTERIES HAVE A LAYER OF WHAT ? | MUSCULAR LAYER OF TISSUE THAT HELPS PUMP BLOOD WHILE VEINS ARE MUCH THINNER |
| WHAT ARE SOME METHODS TO ASSESS THE HEART CONDITION ? | * MEASURING PULSE AND BLOOD PRESSURE * LISTENING TO HEART SOUNDS * DETERMINING CARDIAC OUTPUT * INSERTING A CARDIAC CATHETER * USING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY |
| EVERY TIME YOUR HEART BEATS, BLOOD SURGES AGAINST THE WALLS OF THE ARTERIES, THAT IS YOUR ___________. | PULSE |
| WHAT ARE THE EIGHT (8) DIFFERENT PLACES THAT YOU CAN TAKE YOUR PULSE FROM ? | * RADIAL ARTERY IN THE WRIST * LARGE CAROTID ARTERY IN THE THROAT * BRACHIAL ARTERY * TEMPORAL ARTERY * POPLITEAL ARTERY * POSTERIOR TIBAL ARTERY * PEDAL ARTERY * FEMORAL ARTERY |
| DESCRIBE "BLOOD PRESSURE" | IS THE FORCE OF THE BLOOD AGAINST THE WALLS OF THE ARTERIES |
| DESCRIBE "SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE" & "DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE" | SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IS WHEN THE VENTRICULES CONTRACT WHILE THE DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE OCCURS WHEN THE VENTRICULES RELAX |
| WHAT IS CONSIDER A HEALTHY SYSTOLIC PRESSURE ? | LESS THAN 140 AND MORE THAN 90 |
| WHAT IS CONSIDER A HEALTHY DIASTOLIC PRESSURE ? | LESS THAN 100 |
| THE "LUB-DUP" SOUND OF THE HEART CAN BE HEARD USING WHAT ? | A STETHOSCOPE |
| CHARACTERISTIC SOUNDS OF THE HEART RESULT FROM WHAT ? | THE OPENING & CLOSING OF THE VALVES IN THE HEART AS THE BLOOD IS PUMPED FROM THE ATRIA TO THE VENTRICLES AND THEN TO THE LUNGS AND THE THROUGHOUT THE BODY |
| WHAT IS A HEART RATE ? | HEART REGULATES THE RATE AT WHICH THE BLOOD CIRCULATES TO THE TISSUES |
| WHAT IS A STROKE VOLUME ? | THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD CONTAINED IN THE VENTRICLES. |
| THE BLOOD IS PUMPED INTO THE ARTERIES WITH EACH _________. | HEARTBEAT |
| WHAT IS A "CARDIAC OUTPUT" ? | THE VOLUME OF BLOOD THAT IS PUMPED FROM THE HEART BY EACH CONTRACTION, MULTIPLIED BY THE HEART RATE |
| WHAT IS AN "EKG" ? | ELECTROCARDIOGRAM |
| WHAT IS AN "ECG" ? | ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY |
| DESCRIBE CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION ? | PROCEDURE IN WHICH A TUBE IS INSERTED THROUGH A BLOOD VESSEL INTO THE HEART |
| WHAT IS ANEURYSM ? | AN AREA OF A BLOOD VESSEL THAT BULGES BECAUSE OF A WEAKNESS IN THE WALL |
| WHAT IS ATHEROSCLEROSIS ? | A NARROWING OF BLOOD VESSELS CAUSED BY DEPOSITS OF FATTY MATERIAL CONTAINING CALCIUM & CHOLESTEROL |
| WHAT IS CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA ? | A DISTURBANCE OF THE HEARTS RHYTHM CAUSED BY A DEFECT IN THE HEART'S PACEMAKER CELL OR BY DAMAGE TO HEART TISSUE |
| WHAT IS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ? | A GENERAL TERM FOR THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF ARTERIOSCLEROSIS,ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND RELATED CONDITIONS CALLED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE |
| WHAT IS CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE ? | A GROUP OF DISORDERS THAT AFFECT ABOUT 25,000 NEWBORNS EACH YEAR IN THE U.S |
| WHAT IS CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE ? | THE INABILITY OF THE HEART TO PUMP BLOOD ADEQUATELY TO MEET THE BODY'S NEEDS |
| WHAT IS HYPERTENSION ? | HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE |
| WHAT IS MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ? | KNOW AS A HEART ATTACK |
| WHAT IS PHLEBITIS ? | AN INFLAMMATION OF A VEIN, OFTEN WITH FORMATION OF A CLOT |
| WHAT IS RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE ? | A CONDITION IN WHICH THE HEART MUSCLE AND VALVES ARE DAMAGED BY A RECURRENT BACTERIAL INFECTION THAT USUALLY BEGINS IN THE THROAT |
| WHAT IS VARICOSE VEINS ? | A CONDITION IN WHICH VEINS BECOME ENLARGED & INEFFECTIVE |
| IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE FIRST HEART REPLACEMENT ? | @ 1982 BY DR. William DeVrios |
| MEANING OF "JARVIK-7" | FIRST ARTIFICIAL HEART |
| MEANING OF "AbioCor" | SELF-CONTAINED ARTIFICIAL HEART |
| WHAT IS LDL ? | LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN |
| WHAT IS HDL ? | HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN |
Created by:
KABROWNA69
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