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AP GOVChapter6Vocab

TermDefinition
Judicial Review The authority of the Supreme Court to strike down a law or executive action if it conflicts with the Constitution.
Marbury V. Madison (1803) Established Judicial Review
Federalist No. 78 Argument made by Alexander Hamilton that the federal judiciary would be unlikely to infringe upon rights and liberties but would serve as a check on the other two branches.
Appellate Jurisdiction Authority of a court to hear and review decisions made by lower courts in that system.
Original Jurisdiction Authority of a court to act as the first court to hear a case
Supreme Court Highest level of federal judiciary
Federal Judiciary The branch of the federal government that interprets the laws of the nation
Criminal Law Category of law covering actions determined to harm
Civil Law Category of law covering cases involving private rights and relationships between individuals and groups.
Federal District Courts The lowest level of the federal judiciary
Federal Courts of Appeals The middle level of the federal judiciary
Precedent A judicial division that guides future courts in handling similar cases.
Stare Decisis The practice of letting a previous legal decision stand
Majority Opinion Binding Supreme Court opinions, which serve as precedent for future cases
Concurring Opinion An opinion that agrees with the majority decision, offering different or addition reasoning, that does not serve as precedent.
Dissenting Opinion An opinion that disagrees with the majority opinion and does not serve as precedent.
Judicial restraint A philosophy of constitutional interpretation that justices should be caution in overturning laws
Judicial Activism A philosophy of constitutional interpretation that justices should wield the power of judicial review, sometimes creating bold new policies.
Created by: ST47
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