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MedTerm Ch 11

LOM Pathological Conditions and Clinical Procedures

QuestionAnswer
Atheroma collection of plaque that protrude into the lumen (opening) of an artery, weakening the muscle lining.
Atherosclerosis deposits of yellow plaque containing cholesterol and lipids are found within the lining of the artery.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy an increase in heart muscle weight, especially along the septum, which causes narrowing of the aortic valve.
Bradycardia slower than 60 beats per minute.
Tachycardia faster than 100 beats per minute.
Cyanosis bluish discoloration of the skin indicates diminished oxygen content of the blood.
Myxoma a benign tumor derived from connective tissue, with cells embedded in soft mucoid stromal tissue. Occur most frequently in the left atrium.
Hypoxia inadequate oxygen at the cellular level.
Arrhythmias abnormal heart rhythms
Atrioventricular block failure of proper conduction of impulses through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle.
Flutter rapid, but regular contractions of atria or ventricles.
Fibrillation rapid, random, ineffectual, and irregular contractions of the heart.
Congenital heart disease abnormalities in the heart at birth.
Coarctation of the aorta narrowing of the aorta.
Patent ductus arteriosus small duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth, remains open.
Septal defects small holes in the septa between the atria or the ventricles.
Congestive heart failure the heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood.
Pulmonary edema fluid seeps out of capillaries into the tiny air sacs of the lungs.
Coronary artery disease disease of the arteries surrounding the heart.
Hypertensive heart disease high blood pressure affecting the heart.
Murmur an extra heart sound, heard between normal beats.
Pericarditis inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart.
Aneurysm local widening of an arterial wall.
Peripheral vascular disease blockage of blood vessels outside the heart.
Varicose veins abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs.
Created by: suprant
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