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MI 2.1 Vocab Quiz
Wednesday
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| genes | discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence of DNA |
| genetic counselor | a person who deals with process of communication that deals with the occurrence or risk that a genetic disorder will occur in a family |
| genome | complement of organism's genes; an organisms genetic material |
| genetic testing | the use of methods to determine if someone has a genetic disorder, will develop one, or is a carrier |
| karyotype | a display of chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by shape and size |
| single gene disorder | caused by changes or mutations that occur in the DNA sequence of one gene |
| multifactorial disorder | caused by a combination of environmental factors and mutations in multiple genes |
| chromosomal disorder | caused by an issue in the chromosomes of the body |
| mitochondrial disorder | caused by mutations in nonchromosomal DNA of mitochondria; only passed from mother to child |
| carrier screening | Indiscriminate examination of members of a population to detect heterozygotes for serious disorders |
| PGD (Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnose) | lab procedure used in conjunction with IVF to reduce the risk of passing inherited conditions |
| Amniocentesis | A technique for determining genetic abnormalities in a fetus by the presence of certain chemicals or defective fetal cells in the amniotic fluid, obtained by aspiration from a needle inserted into the uterus |
| CVS(Chronic Villus Sampling) | A technique for diagnosing genetic and congenital defects in a fetus by removing and analyzing a sample of the fetal portion of the placenta |
| Ultrasound | procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the body |
| PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) | A technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short period of time |
| Taq Polymerase | A DNA synthesis enzyme that can withstand the high temperatures of PCR |
| Thermal Cycler | An instrument that automatically cycles through different temperatures used to complete PCR reactions |
| Genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| Phenotype | the physical and physiological traits of an organism |
| SNP(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) | one base-pair variation in the genome sequence |
| Restriction Enzymes | a degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA |
| Primers | a short piece of DNA or RNA that is complementary to a section of template strand and acts as an attachment and starting point for the synthesis strand during DNA replication |
| Gestational Diabetes | diabetes caused by pregnancy |
Created by:
adamsella
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