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Kim Ferguson

Anatomy Week 2

QuestionAnswer
An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains _____ electrons. eight
Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the: transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
An element that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is called a(n) isotope.
For sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion, it must: lose an electron.
A force holding two atoms together is a(n) chemical bond.
Acids release hydrogen ions.
Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. This tendency is called the octet rule.
A weak acid: dissociates very little in solution.
The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a: synthesis reaction.
What term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells? metabolism
As a result of which reaction during catabolism is a water molecule added to break a larger compound into smaller subunits? hydrolysis
The atomic number tells you the number of protons in the nucleus.
The elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up which percentage of the human body? 96%
Salts: can form as the result of a chemical reaction between acids and bases, are electrolytes, will form crystals if the water is removed, All of the above are correct.
The element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains: eight protons.
Which subatomic particles carry a charge? Protons and electrons
The water molecule has two distinct ends, each with a partial electrical charge. Because of this structure, water is said to be polar.
Electrolytes are: called cations if they have a positive charge.
Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons are called: covalent.
The type of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a(n) _____ reaction. synthesis
Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. Such molecules are said to be polar.
A molecule that is polar: is both A and C.
As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes _____, and the solution becomes more _____. down; acidic
As the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) increases, the: solution becomes more basic, pH rises, Both A and C are correct.
A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a(n) _____ bond. covalent
Which type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of a complex substance into two or more simpler substances? decomposition reaction
What decomposition reaction requires the addition of a water molecule to break a bond? hydrolysis
A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called a(n) element.
Acids, bases, and salts belong to a large group of compounds called electrolytes.
The total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of: protons in its nucleus.
A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. 12; 13; 10
The approximate pH of gastric fluid is: 2
The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: one proton and two neutrons.
An ionic bond is formed by: a positive and a negative ion attracting each other.
The study of metabolism includes examination of: Catabolism, anabolism, ATP requirements, all of the above.
The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n) _____ reaction. synthesis
Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body? Zinc
The study of metabolism includes examination of: Catabolism, anabolism, ATP requirements, all of the above.
Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? Iron
The kind of element is determined by the number of: protons.
Which of the following represents properties of water? High specific heat, High heat of vaporization, Strong polarity, All of the above
Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is: two.
In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will: turn blue.
The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: dehydration synthesis.
AB + CD → AD + CB is an example of a(n) _____ reaction. exchange
When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, or share: electrons.
A solution that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) than hydrogen ions (H+) is a(n) _____ solution. alkaline (basic)
Approximately what percentage of the body weight of an adult female is water? 50%
An example of an element would be: Ne.
The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction? Decomposition
A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n): electron.
An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. neutrons
Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called: bases.
The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? Four
An example of a catabolic process is: hydrolysis.
Acids: are proton donors, taste sour, release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution, All of the above are true of acids.
An example of a catabolic process is: hydrolysis.
As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the: solution becomes more acidic.
The octet rule refers to the: stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level.
Atomic mass is determined by the number of: protons and neutrons.
Which of the following bonds are the weakest? Hydrogen
The most abundant and important compound(s) in the body is(are): water.
Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? Helium
Created by: Kferguson76
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