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SEM 2-Exam 2
Muscle Tissue & Contraction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Type of contraction that is occurring when muscles are carrying out their prime function | Concentric |
| Wheelbarrow and standing heel raise exercises are examples of what class of lever | Second |
| Muscle is the MOST lateral muscle of the erector spinae group | iliocostalis |
| Muscle serves as a MAJOR stabilizer and has no movement function | Subclavius |
| Myofibril is the anatomic name for this type of cell | Skeletal Muscle Cell |
| This muscle physiology reflex increases or decreases the number of motor units engaged according to the efforts required for a movement | Graded Response |
| This change occurs in the muscle during a concentric contraction | The muscle shortens |
| This is the common function for all the quadriceps | Knee Extention |
| These are the muscles that ABduct the hip | Gluteus Medius-Gluteus Minimus-Tensor Fascia Latae |
| This microscopic fiber in muscle is formed by the end-to-end arrangment of sarcomeres | Myofibril |
| Here is an accurate description of a motor unit | 1 motor neuron + multiple muscle fibers |
| This change occurs in a muscle during an eccentric contraction | Tension increases and the muscle lengthens |
| Muscle names are generally descriptive of their: shape, size, function, attachment point, location & | Number of origins |
| This muscle is nicknamed "Lat's little helper" because it assists with all of the same functions | Teres Major |
| Tell me the advantage of having multiple motor units in a skeletal muscle | It allows the brain to regulate the amount of force used for any movement by changing the number of motor units engaged |
| Once stimulus is removed..ATP is used to pump calcium back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which is the last step in the... | Sliding filament Mechanism |
| The physiologic principle that explains how a muscle contracts | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| This is a type of muscles contraction that maintains our posture and each muscle's state of readiness to contract fully | Tonic |
| The common function of the brachioradialis, brachialis, and biceps brachii | Elbow Flexion |
| The ADDUCTOR muscle group is located | The Medial Thigh |
| The common function of the anterior and posterior tibialis | Inversion |
| when relieving a cramp.. after applying direct compression to the cramp. How is muscle physiology applied | Engaging dorsiflexors in an isometric contraction |
| The physiologic theory explaining the relationship between muscle length and the force generated by its contraction | Length-Strength Ratio |
| The consistent state of low-grade tension in a muscle generated by a tonic contraction | The Motor Tone |
| Type of nonreproductive contraction that occurs when the muscle is bombarded with a constant stream of stimuli...causing the muscle to "lock" | Tetantic |
| Functions of the muscular system are to maintain posture, create movement & | Stabilize Joints and generate heat |
| Characteristics of the Skeletal Muscles include excitable, contractile and | Extensible & Elastic |
| The name of the large central portion of a muscle | Belly |
| Function of a tendon | Connects muscle to bone |
| Fascial layer that surrounds each skeletal muscle fiber | Endomysium |
| Fascial layer forms the outer envelope of the muscle and anchors it to the hypodermis | Epimysium |
| Muscle attachment generally on the bone that moves during any motion | Insertion |
| Fascia is classified as what type of connective tissue | Disorganized Tissue |
| Connective element of skeletal muscle described as the tenoperiosteal junction | The fibrous connective tissue between the periosteum and tendon |
| Portion of a muscle cell that is the actual contractile unit | Sarcomere |
| A sudden, spasmodic muscle contraction that is often subconsciously stimulated | Twitch Contraction |
| Type of muscle contraction occurs in the biceps brachii as we lower a barbell to the table | Eccentric |
| Kind of contraction that occurs in the hamstrings when we bend our knees climbing the stairs | Concentric |
| Method of energy production for muscle contraction uses ATP stored in the skeletal muscle and produces only enough energy for a short term effort | Direct Phosphorylation |
| Method of energy production generates the highest amount of ATP | Aerobic Cellular Metabolism |
| Method of energy production generates creates lactic acid and largest oxygen debt | Anaerobic Cellular Metabolism |
| In The direct Phosphorylation method of energy production, what substance is broken down to replenish the ATP | Creatine Phosphate |
| The physiologic Process that occurs as the oxygen debt is paid back | Metabolizing lactic acid and replenishing energy supplies |
| The function of retinaculi in the muscular system | Tension straps that hold tendons in place |
| Two basic categories of fiber arrangements in the skeletal muscle | Parallel and pennate |
| Which of these skeletal muscle is a type of pennate muscle | Deltoid |
| Category of muscle architecture is described as a muscle with a broad belly and parallel fascicles with same length fibers that taper to form cord-like tendons at the ends | Fusiform |
| Explain reciprocal inhibition | Agonist is signaled to contract, the antagonist is inhibited |
| Movement that is largest and has the best angle of pull across the joint is considered | agonist |
| Class of lever in most joints of the body | Third |
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JML19
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