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The Urinary System *
Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The urinary system is compose of: | kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra |
| functions of the urinary system are: | remove wastes from the bloodstream, produce urine, maintain homeostasis |
| What other organs help in the elimination of waste products | lungs, intestinal tract, and sweat gland |
| kidneys | two bean-shaped organs that lie below the diaphragm |
| nephrons | filtering units of the kidneys |
| renal artery | artery that supplies blood to the kidney |
| glomerulus | capillaries in the kidney that filters the blood |
| renal pelvis | (part of the kidney)funnel for urine coming from the kidney into the ureter |
| ureters | tubes that extend from the kidneys to the bladder that urine passes through |
| stretch-receptor | nerve cells in the bladder wall that send a message to the brain when the bladder is full |
| urination | process of emptying the bladder of its content |
| How much urine does an average adult produce? | 1.5 quarts every 24 hours |
| What is the color of normal urine? | straw colored and clear |
| frequency | the need to urinate often |
| urgency | an immediate need to urinate |
| nocturia | waking at night to urinate |
| urinary incontinence | inability to control urination (resident with neurological disease or injury has no control over their urination) |
| indwelling catheter | a tube inserted intot he bladder that drains urine into a collection bag |
| calculi | stones in the kidney or bladder. |
| Death will usually occur if resident loses () of the total body fluids. | 1/5 |
| voiding or passing | urination |
| emesis | vomiting |
| hemorrhage | bleeding |
| fluid balance | eliminates about the same amount of fluid that is taken in |
| symptoms of edema or fluid retention | swelling of feet, ankles, face, hands, fingers. Weight gain. Collection of fluid in abdomen and lungs. Decreased urine output |
| dehydration | when fluid output is greater than fluid intake |
| early signs of dehydration | fatigue, weakness, lethargy, dizziness, headache |
| late signs of dehydration | thirst, decreased urine output, dry skin with reduced elasticity, parched or cracked lips and tongue |
| central line | catheter placed into the atrium of the heart |
| Should you discard vomiting or draingage before the nurse look at it? | Never |
| hydrometer | glass tube that holds the urine and measuring device that reads the urine temp. |
| calibrated | marked with graduations, like on a thermometer |
| dialysis | use of machine that performs the fucntions of the kidney |
| excess fluids may do what? | damage the kidney and the heart by increasing their workload |
| indwelling catheter is also know as | a Foley catheter |
| reflux | urine flow back inot the bladder from a draginage bag |
| What should you call diapers? | use the terms briefs, underwear, or underpantsclean catch |
| clean catch | urine that is not contaminated by anything outside the body |
| midstream | catching the urine between the time the residen begins to urinate and the time urination stops |
| functional incontinence | a type of incontinence that results from the resident's inability to perform the activities necessary to go to the toilet independently |
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