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med-term 2
medical terminology ch 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
karyotype | picture of chromosomes in nucleus |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
mitochondria - chemical process | catabolism |
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - mfg process | anabolism |
catabolism | breaking down food to release energy |
anabolism | linking sm proteins (amino acids) to make larger proteins - helps grow new cells |
metabolism | catabolism + anabolism |
genes | regions of DNA w/in each chromosome |
muscle cell | long, slender; contracts & relaxes |
epithelial cell | square, flat; skin & lining of internal organs |
nerve cell | long with fibrous extensions; carry (conducts) impulses |
fat cell | large, empty space; fat storage |
9 systems | digestive; urinary (excretory); respiratory; reproductive; endocrine; nervous; circulatory; musculoskeletal; skin & sense organs |
digestive system | mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas |
urinary (excretory) system | kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra |
respiratory system | nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tube, lungs |
reproductive system | female- ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glandsmale - testes & assoc tubes, urethra, penis, prostate gland |
endocrine system | thyroid gland, pituitary gland, sex glands(ovaries & testes), adrenal glands, pancreas (islets of Langerhans), parathyroid glands |
nervous system | brain, spinal cord, nerves and collections of nerves |
circulatory system | heart; blood vessels; (veins, venules, capillaries, arterioles, arteries) lymphatic vessels & nodes; spleen; thymus gland |
musculoskeletal system | muscles, bones & joints |
skin & sense organs system | skin; hair; nails; sweat flands; sebaceous (oil)glands; eye; ear; nose; tongue |