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Skeletal System

TermDefinition
Skeletal System System made up of bones, ligaments, and cartilage. Provides structure and support
Long Bones Bones with long, longitudinal axes & expanded ends. Ex: Forearm & Thigh bones
Short Bones Bones with roughly equal lengths and widths. Ex: Ankle & Wrist bones
Flat Bones Platelike structures with broad surfaces. Ex: Ribs, Sternum, and some bones of Skull
Irregular Bones Variety of Shapes. Most are connected to other bones. Ex: Vertebrae
Epiphysis Either end of a long bone
Articular Cartilage Hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of bones in synovial joints
Diaphysis Shaft of a long bone
Periosteum Dense connective tissue covering the surface of a bone
Compact Bone Dense bone tissue in which cells are organized in osteons without apparent spaces
Spongy Bone Bone that consists of bars and plates separated by irregular spaces; also called cancellous bone
Trabecula Branching bony plate that separates irregular spaces with spongy bone
Medullary Cavity Cavity containing red or yellow marrow within the diaphysis of a long bone
Endosteum Tissue lining the medullary cavity in a bone
Marrow Connective tissue in spaces in bones that includes blood-forming stem cells
Lamellae Layer of matrix surrounding the central canal of an osteon
Canaliculus Microscopic canal that connects lacunae of bone tissue
Ossification Formation of bone tissue
Intramembraneous Bones Bone that forms from membrane-like layers of primitive connective tissue
Osteoblast Bone-forming cell
Osteocyte Mature bone cell
Endochondral Bone Bone that begins as hyaline cartilage that is subsequently replaced by bone tissue
Epiphyseal Plate Cartilaginous layer between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone that grows, lengthening the bone
Osteoclast Bone-resorbing cell
Hematopoiesis Production of blood cells from dividing stem and progenitor cells
Axial Skeleton Pertaining to the head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular Skeleton Pertaining to the upper or lower limbs.
Created by: Malia.grace08
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