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The Heart
A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the heart? | a pump |
| What membrane does the heart float in? | mediastinum membrane |
| Where is the heart located in the body? | slightly to the left |
| What are the three layers of the heart? | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
| What is the epicardium? | the outer layer of the heart (visceral pericardium) |
| What is the myocardium? | the cardiac muscle |
| What is the endocardium? | the inner membrane |
| What are the filling chambers of the heart? | the right and left atrium |
| What are the pumps of the heart? | the right and left ventricle |
| What do ateries do? | bring oxygenated blood to the body from the heart |
| What do veins do? | bring deoxygenated blood to the heart from the body |
| Which vessels do you feel a pulse? | atery |
| What does pulmonary mean? | related to the heart |
| What valves are between the atriums and ventricles? | the atrioventricular valves |
| What valves are located between the ventricles and corresponding vessel? | semilunar valves |
| What is the atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart? | tricuspid valve (three flaps) |
| What is the atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart? | bicuspid/mitral valve (two flaps) |
| What is the valve located between the left ventricle and he aorta? | aortic semilunar valve |
| What is he valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery? | pulmonary semilunar valve |
| What sound do the AV valves make when they close? | lubb |
| What sound do the semilunar valves make when they close? | dubb |
| What does systole mean? | contracting |
| What does diastole mean? | the heart is relaxing and filling |
| What does autorythmicity mean? | the heart sets its own contractions |
| What are nodes? | they initiate contractions |
| What is the SA node and where is it located? | the sinoatrial node (pacemaker) is located in the right atrium |
| What is the AV node? | the atrioventricular node |
| What is the septum? | connective tissue that acts as a insulator |
| What is the order of conduction through the heart? | SA node, AV node, bundle branches, purkinje fibers |
| What is an EKG? | electrocardiogram (ECG) |
| What does P mean in an EKG? | atrial systole |
| What does QRS mean in an EKG? | ventricular systole |
| What does T mean in an EKG? | ventricular diastole |
| What is congestive heart failure? | valves are working less and less |
| What happens when left CHF pulmonary edema occurs? | blood fills within the lungs |
| What happens when right CHF dependent edema occurs? | blood builds up in the body, swelling of the lower legs |
| Where does blood enter the heart? | deoxygenated blood from the body enters the right atrium through the superior vena cava |
| Where does blood go after the right atrium? | it travels through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle |
| Where does blood go from the right ventricle? | the heart contracts and the deoxygenated blood travels through pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery |
| Where does blood go from the pulmonary artery? | the deoxygenated blood travels to the lungs where it becomes oxygenated |
| Where does blood travel from the lungs? | the oxygenated blood travels through the pulmonary vein into the left atrium |
| Where does blood travel from the left atrium? | the oxygenated blood travels through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle |
| Where does blood travel from the left ventricle? | the heart contracts and the oxygenated blood travels through the the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta |
| Where does blood travel from the aorta? | the oxygenated blood travels to the body |
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