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Urinary System

Chapter 12: Urinary System

QuestionAnswer
albumin/o protein
cyst/o bladder or sac
dips/o thirst
ket/o & keton/o ketone bodies
meat/o meatus
pyel/o renal pelvis
vesic/o bladder or sac
renal cortex outer part of the kidney
hilium indented opening in the kidney where the vessels enter and leave
renal medulla inner part of the kidney
calyces or calices funnel-shaped ducts that carry urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis
nephron functional unit of the kidney
collecting duct tubule that connects the nephrons to the renal pelvis
glomerulus small ball-shaped cluster of capillaries located at the top of each nephron
Bowman/ glomerular capsule top part of the nephron that encloses the glomerulus
renal tubule stem portion of the nephron
renal pelvis basin-like portion of the ureter w/i the kidney
ureteropelvic junction point of connection b/w the renal pelvis and the ureter
urethral meatus opening in the urethra to the outside of the body
urea waste product formed in the liver, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine
creatinine waste product of muscle metabolism, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine
albuminuria/proteinuria presence of albumin in urine; happens in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise
anuria no peeing
dysuria pain while peeing
enuresis involuntary discharge of urine, usually referring to a lack of urinary bladder control
nocturnal enuresis bed-wetting
hematuria presence of blood in the urine
stress urinary incontinence involuntary of discharge or urine with coughing, sneezing and/or strained exercise
ketonuria presence of ketone bodies in the urine
ketones bodies / compounds acetone, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetoacetic acid; products of metabolism that appear in the urine from the body's abnormal utilization of carbs; happens in diabetes and starvation
oliguria decreased urine production
polyuria peeing too much
Adult polycystic kidney disease inherited condition; multiple cysts that gradually form in the kidney, causing destruction of normal tissue that leads to renal failure
glomerulonephritis inflammation of nephrons and glomerulus
hydronephrosis pooling of urine in dilated areas of the renal pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys caused by an obstructed outflow of urine
pyelonephritis inflammation of renal pelvis
nephrosis degenerative disease of the renal tubules
nephrolithiasis kidney stones
cystitis inflammation of the bladder
urethrocystitis inflammation of the urethra and bladder
urethral stenosis narrowed urethra
uremia; azotemia excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood caused by kidney failure
intravenous pyelogram (IVP)/ intravenous urogram (IVU) x-ray image of the urinary tract obtained after an iodine contrast dye has been injected into the bloodstream; the contrast passes thru the kidney and may reveal an obstruction, evidence of trauma or some other pathology
scout film plain-film x-ray images obtained to detect any obvious pathology before further imaging
retrograde pyelogram/retrograde urogram x-ray image of the bladder, ureters and renal pelvis obtained after contrast dye had been injected up to the kidney by way of a small catheter; detects kidney stones
voiding cystourethrogram x-ray image of someone peeing
urine occult blood chemical test for hidden blood on urine
urobilinogen chemical test used to test bile pigment in the urine
Created by: 5563614150343814
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