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A&P - Chapter 9
Muscles and Muscle Tissue
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 3 types of muscle tissue | Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth |
| Muscle cell | Muscle fiber (elongate, especially in skeletal and smooth muscle) |
| Three prefixes that mean “muscle” | Sarco, myo, and mis |
| Sarcolemma | ? |
| Sarcoplasm | The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber |
| Sarcoplasmic reticulum | The endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle fiber. Good for storing Calcium Ca++ |
| Function of the skeletal muscle | Attach to and move bones for voluntary, conscious movement, locomotion, manipulation, maintain posture, stabilize joints, generate heat, also regulate the entrance/exit to the digestive tract, and exit of urinary tract |
| More function of the skeletal muscle | Contracts rapidly but tires easily; adaptable, can exert tiny to great forces, depending on size, training |
| Skeletal muscle striations are composed of two proteins | Actin and myosin |
| Skeletal muscle multinucleate or syncytial | There can be hundreds of nuclei per muscle cell/fiber |
| Skeletal muscle length | As long as the muscle itself |
| Skeletal muscle nuclei | Nuclei are flattened and peripheral |
| Cardiac muscle location | Heart |
| Cardiac muscle function | Pace maker |
| Cardiac muscle control | Involuntary control; neural controls for increasing or decreasing heartrate depending upon need |
| Histology of cardiac muscle | Striated, bifurcated, uninucleate, and intercalated discs: desmosomes (strength), gap junctions (communication) |
| Zactin | Z-line anchors all the actin |
Created by:
Farwalker3
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