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the cell
cell terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who discovered the cell? | Robert Hooke |
| All living things are made up of cells, cells are the base unit of structure and function of all living organisms, all cells come from pre-existing cells, with the cells passing on their dramatic material to their daughter cells | Cell Theory |
| the basic unit of structure and function of all living things | cell |
| smallest unit in living things and shows all the characteristics of life | cell |
| cells that lack a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles (bacteria) | prokaryote |
| contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles | eukaryote |
| process of maintaining balance and equilibrium | homeostasis |
| allows some substances to pass through and while keeping others out | selectively permeable |
| thin flexible boundary between cell and its environment | cell (plasma) membrane |
| composed of a phospholipid bilayer with 2 layers of phospholipids arranged tail to tail | plasma membrance |
| lipid tails are _________ - repelled by water (also known as hydrophobic) | nonpolar |
| phosphate heads are _____ - attracted to water (hydrophillic) | polar |
| helps prevent lipid tails from sticking together | cholesterol |
| model of the cell membrane that we study | Fluid Mosaic Movel |
| fluid material inside the cell/in prokaryotic cells all chemical processes take place here | cytoplasm |
| supporting network of long thing protien fibers that form the framework for the cell and provide and anchor for the organelles inside the cell | cytoskeleton |
| long hallow protein cylinders form a rigid skeleton for the cell/ help move substances in the cell | microtubules |
| thin protein threads, help give the cell its shape, enables the cell or parts of the cell to move | microfilaments |
| control center of the cell | nucleus |
| double layered membrane surrounding the cell | cell membrane |
| small dense body made of protein and RNA that produces ribosomes | nucleolus |
| a semifluid material inside the nucleus | nucleplasm |
| stores the information used to make proteins for cell growth, function, and reproduction | DNA |
| loosely coiled DNA present when the cell is NOT dividing | chromatin |
| tightly coiled DNA present when the cell IS dividing | chromosome |
| makes proteins | ribosomes |
| a network of interconnected tunnels or channels | Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
| has ribosomes attached to its surface | rough ER |
| lacks ribosomes on its surface | smooth ER |
| stacks of membranes that modify, sort, and packages proteins to be sent out of the cell | golgi bodies (apparatus) |
| stores food, enzymes, and waste products | vacuoles |
| suicide sac of the cell, will digest its own cell if worn out or damaged (digests food particles, bacteria, viruses, worn out organelles) | lysosomes |
| 2 hallow cylinders, function during cell division , housed in a structure called the centrosome when the cell is not dividing | centrioles |
| power-house of the cell (produces the cells energy (ATP), converts sugar to usable energy, peanut shaped, inner membrane is called cristae) | mitochondria |
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dishcloth
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