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Medical Terminology
Chapter 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| celi/o | abdomen |
| cheil/o | lip |
| chol/e | bile |
| cyst/o | bladder or sac |
| doch/o | duct |
| enter/o | small intestine |
| inguin/o | groin |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| lith/o | stone |
| phag/o | eat or swallow |
| proct/o | anus and rectum |
| sial/o | saliva |
| steat/o | fat |
| -emesis | vomiting |
| lower esophageal sphincter (LES) | opening from the esophagus to the stomach (sphincter = band); also called the cardiac sphincter |
| pyloric sphincter | opening from the stomach into the duodenum |
| duodenum | first portion of the small intestine |
| jejunum | second portion of the small intestine |
| ileum | third portion of the small intestine |
| large intestine | larger tubular structure that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for defecation |
| cecum | first part of the large intestine |
| appendix | worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum; may help to resist infection (vermi = worm); also called vermiform appendix |
| colon | portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum; identified by direction or shape |
| ascending colon | portion of the colon that extends upward from the cecum |
| transverse colon | portion of the colon that extends across from the ascending cecum |
| descending colon | portion of the colon that extends downward from the transverse colon |
| sigmoid colon | portion of the colon (resembling an “S” in shape) that terminates at the rectum |
| rectum | distal (end) portion of the large intestine |
| peritoneum | membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity and consisting of the parietal layer (lining the abdominal wall) and the visceral layer (covering each organ in the abdomen) |
| peritoneal cavity | space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum |
| omentum | an extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs |
| liver | organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion |
| gallbladder | receptacle that stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver |
| pancreas | gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct, where it mixes with bile to digest food |
| biliary ducts | ducts that convey bile; include the common hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts |
Created by:
HannahLCobb
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