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Medical Terminology
Chapter 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| capn/o | carbon dioxide |
| phren/o | diaphragm (also mind) |
| -pnea | breathing |
| rhin/o | nose |
| spir/o | breathing |
| steth/o | chest |
| pneumothorax | air in the chest (pleural cavity). |
| phrenodynia | pain in the diaphragm |
| paranasal sinuses | air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity |
| adenoid | lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil |
| glottis | opening between the vocal cords in the larynx |
| epiglottis | a lid-like structure that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway |
| carina | cartilaginous ridge at the point where the trachea divides into the two (right and left) bronchi |
| pleural cavity | potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura |
| diaphragm | muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and that moves upward and downward to aid in breathing |
| mediastinum | partition that separates the thorax into two compartments (containing the right and left lungs) and that encloses the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland |
| mucous membranes | thin sheets of tissue that line respiratory passages and secrete mucus, a viscid (sticky) fluid |
| parenchyma | functional tissues of any organ, such as the tissues of the bronchioles, alveoli, ducts, and sacs, that perform respiration |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| hypopnea | shallow breathing |
| hyperpnea | deep breathing |
| dyspnea | difficulty breathing |
| apnea | inability to breathe |
| orthopnea | ability to breathe only in an upright position |
| Cheyne–Stokes respiration | pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase of depth and, sometimes, in rate to a maximum level, followed by a decrease, resulting in apnea |
| crackles | popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli; occurs in disorders such as bronchiectasis or atelectasis; also called rales |
| wheezes | high-pitched, musical sounds heard on auscultation of the lung as air flows through a narrowed airway; occurs in disorders such as asthma or emphysema |
| rhonchi | added sound with a musical pitch during inhaling or exhaling heard on auscultation of the chest caused by air passing through narrowed bronchi or due to mucus buildup; if low-pitched it is sonorous rhonchus and if high pitched it is sibilant rhonchus |
| stridor | high-pitched, crowing sound that occurs with an obstruction in the upper airway (trachea or larynx) |
| caseous necrosis | degeneration and death of tissue with a cheese-like appearance |
| cyanosis | bluish coloration of the skin caused by a deficient amount of oxygen in the blood |
| dysphonia | hoarseness |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| expectoration | coughing up and spitting out of material from the lungs |
| sputum | material expelled from the lungs by coughing |
| hemoptysis | coughing up and spitting out blood that originates in the lungs |
| restrictive lung disorder | condition limiting the intake of air into the lungs |
| pulmonary edema | fluid filling the spaces around the alveoli and, eventually, flooding into the alveoli |
| pulmonary infiltrate | density on an x-ray image representing the consolidation of matter within the air spaces of the lungs, usually resulting from an inflammatory process |
| rhinorrhea | thin, watery discharge from the nose (runny nose) |
Created by:
HannahLCobb
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