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Philosophy
Logical Fallacies- Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A fallacy in which one attacks the characteristics or beliefs of the person rather than the claim the person presents | Ad Hominem |
| A logical fallacy in which someone argues either for or against something because there is no contradicting evidence. In other words, it’s based on the mistaken assumption that a lack of evidence is evidence. | Appeal to Ignorance |
| A logical fallacy in which one tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting someone else’s feelings of pity or guilt. | Appeal to Pity |
| A fallacious argument that concludes that something is true just because many or most people believe it is true | Appeal to Popularity |
| A fallacious argument where a threat of force is given as a justification | Appeal to Force |
| A fallacious argument in which the conclusion is implicitly or explicitly assumed the truth in the premises, instead of supporting it. | Begging the Question |
| a form of complex question that contains a controversial assumption | Complex Question or Loaded Question |
| when one infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole. | Composition |
| The antecedent (what comes after the “if”) is made not true, then it is concluded that the consequent (what comes after the “then”) is not true. | Denying the Antecedent |
| This fallacy involves someone taking an attribute of a whole or a class and assuming that it must also necessarily be true of each part or member | Division |
| The fallacy of equivocation occurs when a key term or phrase in an argument is used in an ambiguous way, with one meaning in one portion of the argument and then another meaning in another portion of the argument. | Equivocation |
| This is a fallacy that misrepresents an issue by presenting only two mutually exclusive options rather than the full, nuanced range of options. | False Dilemma |
| Assumes that the past affects future outcomes Occurs when one believes that random happening are more or less likely to occur because of the frequency with which they have occurred in the past | Gambler's Fallacy |
| Occurs when someone judges a claim based on its origin, rather than looking at the actual merits of the claim A claim is accepted or rejected on the basis of from whom or where it came from | Genetic Fallacy |
| Because an event occurred first, it must have caused this later event | Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc |
| something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important question. | Red Herring |
Created by:
yuniskie
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