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Medical Terminology
Chapter 11: Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. an/o | anus |
| 2. appendic/o | appendix |
| 3. bil/i | bile |
| 4. bucc/o | cheek |
| 5. celi/o | abdomen |
| 6. cheil/o | lip |
| 7. col/o | colon |
| 8. cyst/o | bladder or sac |
| 9. enter/o | small intestine |
| 10. gingiv/o | gum |
| 11. gloss/o | tongue |
| 12. hepat/o | liver |
| 13. salivary glands | three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva; the parotid, the submandibular, and the sublingual glands |
| 14. lower esophageal sphincter (LES) | opening from the esophagus to the stomach;also called the cardiac sphincter (sphincter= band) |
| 15. pyloric sphincter | opening from the stomach into the duodenum |
| 16. feces | waste formed by the absorption of water in the large intestine; usually solid |
| 17. defecation | evacuation of feces from the rectum |
| 18. peritoneum | membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity and consisting of the parietal layer (lining the abdominal wall) and the visceral layer (covering each organ in the abdomen) |
| 19. peritoneal cavity | space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum |
| 20. gastr/o | combining form for stomach |
| 21. proctoplasty | repair of the anus and rectum |
| 22. left lower quadrant | left lower quadrant |
| 23. colostomy | surgical creation of an opening in the colon through the abdominal wall, allowing stool to bypass a diseased portion of the colon |
| 24. appendectomy | surgical excision of the appendix |
| 25. transverse colon | portion of the colon that extends across from the ascending cecum |
| 26.descending colon | portion of the colon that extends downward from the transverse colon |
| 27. ascending colon | portion of the colon that extends upward from the cecum |
| 28. rectum | distal (end) portion of the large intestine |
| 29. large intestine | larger tubular structure that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for defecation |
| 30. appendix | worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum; may help to resist infection; also called vermiform appendix (vermi=worm) |