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Anatomy Exam #1
The Skeletal System Pack
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Vertebral Arch | Structure that encloses the nerve cord |
| Body | weight-bearing part of the vertebra |
| Spinous Process | Provides levers for the muscles to pull against |
| Transverse Process | Provides an articulation point for the ribs |
| Intervertebral Foramina | openings allowing spinal nerves to pass |
| Cervical Vertebra | type of vertebra containing foramina in the transverse processes, through which the vertebral arteries ascend to reach the brain; seven components that are unfused |
| Axis | its dens provides a pivot for rotation of the first cervical vertebra |
| Thoracic Vertebra | Transverse processes that have facets for articulation with ribs; spinous process points sharply downward; 12 components; unfused |
| Sacrum | composite bone; articulates with the hip bone laterally |
| Lumbar Vertebra | massive vertebrae; weight sustaining |
| Coccyx | tailbone; vestigal fused vertebrae |
| Atlas | supports the head; allows the rocking motion of the occipital condyles |
| Pectoral Girdle | flexible, lightweight, and shallow socket for limb attachment |
| Pelvic Girdle | Weight-bearing, Massive, Deep, secure socket for limb attachment |
| Deltoid Tuberosity | raised area on lateral surface of humerus to which deltoid muscle attaches |
| Humerus | arm bone |
| Shoulder Girdle | made of clavicle and scapula |
| Forearm Bones | made of ulna and radius |
| Acromion | point where scapula and clavicle connect |
| Scapula | shoulder girdle bone that has no attachment to the axial skeleton |
| Clavicle | shoulder girdle bone that articulates anteriorly with the sternum |
| Glenoid Cavity | socket in the scapula for the arm bone |
| Coracoid process | process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment |
| Trochlea | distal medial process of the humerus; joins the ulna |
| Ulna | Medial bone of the forearm in anatomical position; forearm bone involved in formation of elbow joint |
| Capitulum | rounded knob on the humerus that articulates with the radius |
| Coronoid fossa | anterior depression; superior to the trochlea; receives part of the ulna when the forearm is flexed |
| Carpals | bones of wrist |
| phalanges | bones of fingers |
| Knuckles (of hand) | head of metacarpals form the knuckles |
| Ischial tuberosity | receives the weight of the body when sitting |
| pubic symphysis | point where the coxal bones join anteriorlyy |
| iliac crest | upper margin of iliac bones |
| acetabulum | deep socket in the hip bone that receives the head of the thigh bones |
| Sacroiliac joint | point where the axial skeleton attaches to the pelvic girdle |
| femur | longest bone in body; articulates with the coxal bone |
| fibula | lateral bone of the leg |
| Tibia | medial bone of the leg; shinbone |
| Bones of Knee Joint | femur and patella |
| tibial tuberosity | point where the patellar ligament attaches |
| Medial Malleolus | distal process on medial tibial surface |
| lateral malleolus | process forming the outer ankle |
| Process | any bony prominence (projection or bump) |
| Ramus | extension of bone making an angle to rest of structure |
| Trochanter | large, rough projection |
| Tuberosity | small, rounded process |
| Tubercle | Small, rough elevated surface |
| Crest | narrow ridge |
| Line | slightly raised, elongated ridge |
| Spine | a sharp, slender, or narrow process |
| Head | prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded, separated from shaft |
| neck | narrow connection btw epiphysis and diaphysis |
| condyle | rounded knob that articulates with another bone |
| trochlea | smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley |
| facet | small, smooth, flat slightly concave or convex articular surface |
| fossa | shallow, broad depression |
| sulcus | a slit through a bone |
| foramen | passageway or hole through a bone, usually round |
| fissure | narrow groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel |
| canal | a tubular passage or tunnel in a bone |
| sinus | an air-filled space in a bone |
Created by:
Lexi_Short7
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