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Exam 8 A & P
Chemistry & Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which passive transport mechanism relies on concentration gradient to move substances across the cell membrane? | Diffusion |
| What type of stem cells are the only ones capable of producing a complete human organism? | Totipotent Stem Cells |
| What is the term for the passive transport process where water moves from an area of higher to lower concentration? | Osmosis |
| Another term for the cell differentiation of stem cells in specific types? | Specialization |
| What is the function of the cytoskeleton? | Provide shape, strength and mobility to cells |
| What is the name for the small, invisible units of energy that make up elements on the periodic table? | Atoms |
| The organs and tissue of the skin and nervous system develop from which of the organized layers of stem cells in the embryo? | Ectoderm |
| What passive transport mechanism uses a hydrostatic pressure gradient for cellular transport? | Filtration |
| A key component of the cytoplasm inside cells is the gel-like medium made up of 75-90% water? | Cytosol |
| Catabolism is best defined as? | any chemical process the body uses to break down nutrients or molecules |
| What type of stem cells can only differentiate into blood, bone marrow, fat, bone, ligament, and muscle cells? | Multipotent Stem Cells |
| What kind of pressure is created when fluid presses against a barrier? | Hydrostatic pressure |
| The organelle formed by two bundles of microtubules that plays an important role in cell division? | centrosome |
| The organic substance that make up all cells in the body are proteins, carbohydrates: | Nucleic Acids and Lipids |
| What cell structure allows the cell to read and respond to its environment? | Integral membrane Proteins |
| What structure in the cell produces the energy molecule ATP? | Mitochondria |
| What type of cellular transportation is it when ATP is used to transport particles against a concentration or pressure gradient? | Active Transport |
| The subatomic particles that make up atoms include: | Protons, Neutrons and Electrons |
| What region of an atom contains the proton and neutrons? | Nucleus |
| By definition, the atomic number of an atom refers to: | Number of protons and electrons in Atom |
| A multistep process involving external and internal factors where mutations occur and change a cells structure.? | Carcinogenesis |
| Regulation of substances entering and leaving the cells; central role in cellular activity | Plasma Membrane |
| Site of all intracellular activities except those occurring in the nucleus; includes cytosol and organelles | Cytoplasm |
| Contains genes, which control cellular structure and direct cellular function. | Nucleus |
| Large complex molecule containing phosphorus, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Two Kinds DNA & RNA | Nucleic Acids |
| Building blocks for proteins | amino acids |
| Building blocks for all cells and tissue, Serve as enzymes, Act as hormones and neurotransmitters Are primary role of what organic component | Proteins |
| These fat molecules are the largest source of stored energy | Lipids |
| Carbohydrates, Lips, Proteins and Nucleic Acids are what type of component of cells and tissues? | Organic Component |
| What are Inorganic components of cells and tissue? | Water, Inorganic Salt, Acids and Bases |
| Compounds that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water | Acids |
| Compounds that release hydroxide ions (OH+) when dissolved in water | Bases |
| These compounds help determine pH balance of the body | Acids and Bases |
| What is neutral on the pH scale | 7 |
| pH scale greater than 7 means the body is? | Acidic |
| pH scale less than 7 means the body is/ | Alkaline |
| What organelle modifies and packages made by endoplasmic reticulum? | Golgi Apparatus |
| What Organelle helps move substances across the cell surface/ | Cilia |
| What organelle increases the surface area of the cell? | Microvilli |
Created by:
JML19
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