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Anatomy Hip Joint
exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what type of joint is the hip joint? | synovial joint |
| how many degrees of freedom does a hip joint have? | 3 |
| function of hip joint | support body weight and allow motion |
| femoral head shape | convex ovoid |
| type of cartilage on femoral head | thick articular cartilage |
| why is there a lot of articular cartilage on femoral head? | because we put all our body weight on it |
| femoral neck projects... | superiorly, medially, and anteriorly from femoral head |
| labrum is made up of what? | fibrocartilage |
| labrum function | deepens socket, articulates with femoral head, creates suction seal of femoral head |
| labrum has... | proprioception and nocioception |
| proprioception | knowing where the body is spatially |
| nocioception | pain reception |
| decreased femoral head-neck offset | how hip arthritis starts, can cause injury to labrum, should be 125 |
| normal angle of inclination | 125 degrees |
| coxa vara | when angle of inclination is less than 125 degrees, puts pressure on femoral neck, leads to stress fractures |
| coxa valga | angle of inclination is greater than 125 degrees, leads to acetabular dysplasia, patient but put hips into abduction for increases stability |
| torsion angle | the rotation (twist) that exists between the shaft and neck of femur |
| normal torsion angle | 15 degrees |
| excessive anteversion | greater than 15 degrees |
| retroversion | less than 15 degrees |
| acetabulum shape | concave ovoid |
| acetabulum function | reciprocates with femoral head |
| acetabular fossa doesn't have much cartilage because... | the area has little bone contact |
| ligamentum teres | extends from acetabulum to head of the femur, minimal blood supply to femoral head |
| walls of femoral shaft and neck are made up of... | dense compact bone, can withstand high loads |
| under compact bone shell in femoral shaft and neck there is... | spongy bone |
| spongy bone in the shaft and neck are arranged... | to form pillars |
| pillars can | withstand small loads |
| in femoral neck, pillars form.. | arches |
| arches can | withstand greater loads |
| calcar femorale | plate of cortical bone, response to stress on trabeculae |
| calcar femorale location | extends from region of trochanteric line into femoral neck |
| fibrous capsule function | serves as container for hip joint, developed in the womb |
| fibrous capsule attaches medially to | the rim of acetabulum |
| fibrous capsule attaches laterally to | base of femoral neck |
| fibrous capsule attaches anteriorly to | trochanteric line |
| fibrous capsule attaches posteriorly to | femoral neck |
| 3 major ligaments supporting the hip | iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral |
| strongest ligament in the hip | iliofemoral |
| weakest ligament in the hip | ischiofemoral |
| iliofemoral ligament | main reinforcement of anterior capsule |
| iliofemoral ligament attaches | proximally to AIIS and distally to trochanteric line |
| iliofemoral ligament function | limits extension and ER |
| ischiofemoral ligament | primarily a posterior structure |
| ischiofemoral attaches | proximally at inferior aspect of acetabulum and distally to medial surface of greater trochanter |
| ischiofemoral function | limits extension, IR, adduction |
| pubofemoral ligament | hammock like, helps support femoral head |
| pubofemoral ligament attaches | proximally at body and superior ramus of pubis, distally at inferior surface of femoral neck |
| pubofemoral ligament function | limits extension and abduction |
| 3 bursae of the hip | iliopsoas, superficial trochanteric, ischiogluteal |
| bursa | fluid filled sac, NOT born with, body's reaction to friction |
| iliopsoas bursa | deep to psoas tendon, cushions tendon from structures on anterior aspect of the hip |
| superficial trochanteric bursa | between greater trochanter and tensor fascia lata |
| ischiogluteal bursa | between ischium and gluteal muscles |
| innervation of the hip joint | Femoral, Obturator, Tibial, Superior & Inferior, Small individual nerves |
| Blood supply to the hip | Medial and lateral circumflex, Obturator artery, Deep femoral artery |
| majority of blood flow to hip joint | medial and lateral circumflex |
Created by:
thomask9
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