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Coin Skills Derm
Clin Skills Dermatology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Stratum corneum | Top layer of the epidermis made of dead keratinized cells |
| Stratum basale, stratum spinosum | Second, cellular layer of the epidermis where keratin and melanin are formed |
| Where do blisters form? | Stratum spinosum |
| Carotene | Golden yellow pigment that exists in the fatty layer and in highly keratinized layers |
| Vellus hair | short, fine, generally unpigmented |
| Eccrine vs. apocrine sweat glands | Eccrine sweat glands occur over most of the body and open directly onto the skin's surface. Apocrine glands open into the hair follicle, leading to the surface of the skin |
| How big is the angle between the proximal nail fold and the nail plate (fingernail)? | Less than 180 degrees |
| Nail bed | the vascular epidermis upon which most of the fingernail or toenail rests |
| Nail root | The proliferating cells in the nail root form the nail matrix, and their proliferation makes the nail elongate continuously |
| Lesion | Single area of altered skin, single or multiple |
| Rash | Widespread area of lesions |
| What are the 7 attributes for skin things? | When did it start? Where did it start? Does it itch or hurt? How has it spread? How have the lesions changed? Provocative factors? Previous treatments? |
| How do you describe skin lesions? | 1. Number 2. Size 3. Color 4. Shape 5. Texture 6. Primary lesion 7. Location |
| Erythema implies ? and can be seen when? | Inflammation; during blanching |
| Distribution | refers to how the skin lesion(s) are scattered or spread out |
| Configuration | the shape of single lesions and the arrangement of groups of lesions |
| Primary lesion | develop as a direct result of, and therefore are most characteristic of, the disease process (herald patch) |
| Macule | A circumscribed flat area of change in color of the skin < 1 cm in diameter |
| Patch | A circumscribed flat area of change in color of the skin > 1 cm in diameter |
| Papule | A small, solid elevation of the skin < 1 cm |
| Plaque | A large, flatter elevation of the skin, sometimes formed by papules coalescing |
| Nodule | A solid elevation of the skin > 1 cm that usually tends into the deeper skin layers |
| Pustule | A small, circumscribed elevation of the epidermis filled with purulent fluid |
| Vesicle | A small, circumscribed elevation of the epidermis containing clear fluid < 1 cm |
| Bulla | A circumscribed elevation of the epidermis containing clear fluid > 1 cm |
| Wheal | A circumscribed, raised lesion consisting of dermal edema and is also known as hives or urticaria |
| Erosions | Loss of epidermal or mucosal epithelium |
| Ulcers | Deeper loss of the epidermis and at least the upper dermis |
| Petechiae | Nonblanchable punctate foci of hemorrhage |
| Purpura | Nonblanchable, raised, and palpable |
| Ecchymosis | Nonblanchable, larger areas or purpura |
| What causes fingernail clubbing? | Chronic respiratory problems, malignancy |
| What three things should you note about hair? | Quantity, distribution, texture |
| Hair pull test | Evaluates for hair shedding from the roots |
| Telogen effluvium | Reversible condition in which hair falls out after a stressful event |
| Tug test | Done for suspected fragility of the hair |
| How do you assess temperature? | The backs of your fingers |
| Percentage of skin cancer? | 20% of people |
| Actinic | of, relating to, resulting from, or exhibiting chemical changes produced by radiant energy especially in the visible and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum |
| Beau's lines | horizontal ridges or dents in one or more of your fingernails or toenails; a sign that an illness, injury or skin condition interrupted your nail growth |
| Cherry angioma | a noncancerous (benign) skin growth made up of blood vessels |
| comedo | An open (blackhead) or closed (whitehead) skin pore or hair follicle clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria |
| cyst | abnormal, fluid-filled sacs that can develop in tissues in any part of the body |
| dermatographia | a condition in which lightly scratching your skin causes raised, red lines where you've scratched |
| desquamation | The shedding or peeling of the epidermis in scales |
| eczema | a medical condition in which patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with blisters that cause itching and bleeding |
| excoriation | the act of abrading or wearing off the skin |
| fissure | cracks in the skin that form due to intense dryness and thickened skin |
| hirsutism | abnormal growth of hair on a person's face and body, especially on a woman |
| induration | the process of or condition produced by growing hard |
| Koilonychia | indented nails; instead of growing straight, your nails look concave, like spoons |
| Lentigo | "sun spots"; a small, clearly defined patch of skin that is darker than the surrounding skin as a result of an increased number of pigment cells. Lentigines are generally darker than freckles, do not fade, and become more frequent with age |
| lichenification | a secondary skin lesion wherein the characteristic features of skin thickening, hyperpigmentation, and exaggerated skin lines are noted |
| paronychia | An infection of the tissue folds around the nails |
| pruritis | severe itching of the skin, as a symptom of various ailments |
| seborrhea | excessive discharge of sebum from the sebaceous glands |
Created by:
rachel_robinson1026
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