click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Peripheral NervesCCC
Peripheral Nerves disorders CCC
Question | Answer |
---|---|
o Neuropathy | PNS disorder that results in disturbance or pathological changes |
o Neuronopathy: | functional disturbance of the cell body |
o Mononeuropathy: | affecting only one peripheral nerve |
o Mononeuropathy multiplex: | affects multiple peripheral nerves in multiple limbs |
o Polyneuropathy: | involves several contiguous peripheral nerves |
o Sensorimotor: | involves sensory and motor portions of a nerve |
o Neuropathic pain | pain from a damaged nerve that is either spontaneous or self-induced without a physiological purpose |
o Allodynia: | pain sensation from a stimulus that is not normally painful |
o Axonal neuropathy: | axon is the primary site of injury; results in abnormal NCV amplitudes with normal conduction velocity |
o Demyelinating neuropathy: | myelin sheath is the primary site of injury; results in abnormal NCV conduction velocity with normal amplitude; may be segmental of diffuse |
Where is sensory lost most common? | distal, symmetric, lower extremities |
What is an electromyogram? | directly meausres electrical act. of skeletal muscles via a needle in the muscle belly to read act. |
Guillain-Barre-describe | common, acute, autoimmune. Demyelination at peripheral nerve junction of ventral/dorsal roots. spreads along the nerve |
Gullain-Barre tx | Tx: IVIg, plasmaphoresis; management of autonomic disturbances |
Gullain-barre causative agent | C. jejuni; HIV-1 |
Clinical course of Gullain-Barre | Axonal degeneration. Rapidly progressive ascending symptoms: weakness in hands/feet up extremities areflexia increasing autonomic dysfunction and sensory loss respiratory compromise (requiring support)resolution. CSF: elevated protein; CBC normal |
• Erb-Duchenne: | Plexiopathy due to traumatic separation of head and shoulder at birth or heavy backpacks; lesion at 5th/6th cervical roots or upper trunk |
• Dejerine-Klumpke: | trauma, surgery, mass lesions; paresis in wrist/finger flexors and hand intrinsic muscles; sensory change in upper arm/forearm/ulnar aspect of hand; reduced triceps DTR, reduced finger flexion reflex; lesion in 8th cervical/1st thoracic root/medial cord |
Other brachial plexopathys | post radiation, mass lessions, viral infections, vaccines. |