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AP Chapter 1
Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Superior (cranial) | Toward the head end or upper part of the body |
| Inferior (caudal) | Away from the head end or upper part of the body |
| Anterior (ventral) | Toward or at the front of the body; in front of |
| Posterior (dorsal) | Toward or at the back of the body; in front of |
| Medial | Toward or at the midline of the body |
| Lateral | Away from the midline of the body |
| Intermediate | Between a more medial and a more lateral structure |
| Proximal | Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
| Distal | Farther from the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
| Superficial | Toward or at the body surface |
| Deep | Away from the body surface |
| Axial part | head, neck, trunk |
| Appendicular part | appendages attached to the body's axis |
| Cephalic | head |
| Frontal | forehead |
| Orbital | eye |
| Nasal | nose |
| Buccal | cheek |
| Oral | mouth |
| Mental | chin |
| Cervical | neck |
| Thoracic | chest |
| Sternal | sternum |
| Axillary | armpit |
| Mammary | breast (gland) |
| Abdominal | stomach |
| Umbilical | belly button |
| Pelvic | pelvis |
| Inguinal | groin |
| Pubic | genital |
| Acromial | shoulder |
| Brachial | upper arm |
| Antecubital | inner elbow |
| Olecranal | elbow |
| Antebrachial | forearm |
| Carpal | wrist |
| Manus | hand |
| Metacarpal | hand bones |
| Palmar | palm |
| Pollex | thumb |
| Digital | fingers/toes |
| Coxal | hip |
| Femoral | thigh |
| Patellar | knee |
| Popliteal | back of knee |
| Crural | leg |
| Sural | calf |
| Fibular/peroneal | lower leg |
| Pedal | foot |
| Tarsal | ankle |
| Calcaneal | heel |
| Metatarsal | foot bones |
| Plantar | sole of foot |
| Hallux | big toe |
| Cephalic | head |
| Otic | ear |
| Occipital | back of head |
| Cervical | neck |
| Scapular | scapula |
| Vertebral | spine |
| Lumbar | lower back |
| Sacral | sacrum |
| Gluteal | buttocks |
| Perineal | perineum |
| Median plane | midsagittal - side to side |
| Frontal plane | coronal - front to back |
| Transverse plane | top to bottom |
| Dorsal cavity | contains cranial cavity and vertebral cavity |
| Cranial cavity | contains brain |
| Vertebral cavity | contains spinal cord |
| Thoracic cavity | contains heart and lungs |
| Superior mediastinum | most superior part of thoracic cavity |
| Plural cavity | surrounds the lungs |
| Pericardial cavity | around the heart |
| Diaphragm | separates abdomen from chest |
| Abdominal cavity | contains digestive viscera |
| Pelvic cavity | contains bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum |
| Ventral cavity | contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| Serous membranes | 2 membrane system - parietal lines cavity wall and visceral covers organ in cavity |
| Right upper quadrant | right hypochondriac region |
| Middle right abdomen | right lateral lumber region |
| Right lower quadrant | right inguinal iliac region |
| Middle upper abdomen | epigastric regions |
| Middle abdomen | umbilical region |
| Middle lower abdomen | pubic hypogastric region |
| Left upper quadrant | left hypochondriac region |
| Left middle abdomen | left lateral lumbar region |
| Left lower quadrant | left inguinal iliac region |
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