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All Terms for Unit 1
General Anatomy & Physiology Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abdominal | abdomen |
| anatomical position | the reference point meaning to stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward |
| anatomy | Abbreviated: shape; Prefixes: tomy (to cut); ana (apart) ; Full- the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another |
| antecubital | elbow-pit; Anterior |
| axillary | armpit |
| brachial | arm |
| buccal | cheek |
| carpal | wrist |
| caudal | directional term used for quadrupeds meaning "tail" of the body |
| Cephalic | head |
| cervical | neck |
| cardiovascular | body system that transports substances with RBCs; also called circulatory |
| coronal | Plane that divides the body into front and back halves |
| coxal | hip |
| cranial | directional term used for quadrupeds meaning "skull, or head-end" of the body |
| crural | leg |
| deep | Antonym: superficial; Abbreviated: more internal; Full: away from the body surface; more internal |
| deltoid | shoulder |
| diaphragm | a muscle that separates the thoracic from the abdominopelvic cavities |
| digestive | body system the deals with ingestion |
| digitals | fingers |
| distal | Antonym: proximal; Abbreviated: farther away from the body (limbs only); Full: Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
| dorsal | Synonym: posterior, back; Antonym: ventral; ***Dorsal and posterior are synonymous in humans but not in quadrupeds.; Abbreviated: an animal's back side |
| dorsal cavity | the cavity that contains both the spinal and cranial cavities |
| endocrine | body system mostly dealing with secretion of hormones |
| epigastric | medial upper region superior to the umbilical |
| femoral | thigh |
| frontal plane | Synonym: coronal; dissecting a specimen so that a front and back part remain |
| gluteal | buttock |
| homeostasis | Abbreviated: keeping a balance; equilibrium; Full: the ability of the body to regulate its internal environment to reach a set point or equilibrium within narrow limits |
| hypochondriac | lateral upper regions where the stomach and liver are located |
| hypogastric | medial lower region inferior to the umbilical region |
| iliac | lateral lower regions where the appendix and intestines are located |
| Inferior | Synonym: below, caudal; Antonyms: superior, cranial, or cephalad; Abbreviated: below; Full: Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below |
| inguinal | groin |
| Intermediate | Abbreviated: "in-between-iate"; Full: Between a more medial and a more lateral structure |
| Lateral | Antonym: medial; Abbreviated: side; Full: Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of |
| levels of organization | atoms --> cells --> tissues --> organs --> organ system --> organism |
| lower right | the quadrant where the appendix is located |
| lumbar | lower back regions where the kidneys are located. Intermediate of the hypochondriac and iliac regions; |
| Medial | Antonym: lateral; Abbreviated: middle; Full: Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of |
| median plane | Synonym: midsaggital or saggital; Full: dissecting down the mid-line so that a left and right part remain |
| metabolism | all the chemical reactions that occur in the body |
| midsagittal | the plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves |
| muscular | body system dealing with movement |
| nasal | nose |
| nervous | body system that regulates homeostasis & controls sensitivity through electrical signals within the brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
| occipital | back of head |
| oral | mouth |
| orbital | eye |
| patellar | knee |
| pelvic | the cavity containing the reproductive & excretory urinary systems |
| physiology | Abbreviated: how it works; Prefixes: physio (natural function) logy (the study of) ; Full- the study of how the body and its parts work or function |
| popliteal | knee-pit |
| Posterior | Synonyms: dorsal, back; Antonym: anterior, ventral Abbreviated: behind; Full: Toward or at the backside of the body; behind |
| proximal | Synonym: closer Antonym: distal; Abbreviated: closer to the body (limbs only); Full: Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
| pubic | genital region |
| sacral | base of spine |
| scapular | shoulder blade |
| skeletal | body system that supports body growth, muscle attachment, and protection of some vital organs; ie. the rib bones protect the heart and lungs |
| sternal | sternum (breast bone) |
| superficial | Synonym: shallow; Antonym: deep; Abbreviated: surface; Full: Toward or at the body surface |
| Superior | Synonyms: cranial or cephalad; Antonyms: inferior or caudal; Abbreviated: above; Full: Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above |
| sural | calf |
| tarsal | ankle |
| thoracic | the cavity containing the heart and lungs |
| transverse plane | Full: dissecting a specimen so that a top and bottom part remain |
| umbilical | navel / belly button region |
| urinary | body system dealing with excretion; also called excretory; includes the kidneys (abdominal cavity) and bladder (pelvic cavity) |
| ventral | Synonym: anterior, front Antonym: dorsal ***Ventral and anterior are synonymous in humans but not in quadrupeds. ; Abbreviated: an animal's "belly" side |
| vertebral | spinal column |
| acromial | top of shoulder |
| biology | the study of all life including plants, animals, humans, multi-celled organisms, and microscopic one-celled organisms |
| centi | hundreth; 1cc=1mL |
| integumentary | skin, hair, nails; the body's waterproof covering that regulates internal body temperature by cooling through sweat |
| lymphatic | the immune system; lymph nodes produce white blood cells to fight infections |
| milli | thousandth; 1mL=1cc |
| anterior | Synonym: ventral, front; Antonym: posterior or dorsal |
| reproductive | body system that produces offspring; includes testes, ovaries, and other anatomy within the pelvic cavity |
| respiratory | body system that draws air into the lungs to intake oxygen and output gas waste like carbon dioxide |
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