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A/P Lab Quiz 1

TermDefinition
Hematoxylin Stains nucleus (DNA) purple
Eosin Stains cytoplasm pink
Histoloy The study of tissues
Tissues Similar cells and extracellular matrix that perform the same function
Four types of tissues Muscle, Nervous, Epithelial, Connective
Epithelial Tissue Forms body's lines/coverings
Apical Epithelial Tissue Outer part of tissue
Basal/Basement Epithelial Tissue Inner part of tissue
Cell Shapes Squamous, cuboid, Columnar
Squamous cells Lumpy cells, have no defined shape
Cuboid cells Small cubes
Columnar cells Long, narrow cells
Cellular Layers Simple and Stratified
Simple Layer Singular layer
Stratified layer 1+ layers
Simple Squamous Epithelial "tiles on floor"; line lungs, inside lining of heart and blood vessels. Good for diffusion, smooth lining, and secretion of sereous fluids
Simple Cuboid Epithelial Even height/width; in glands and glandular organs (Kidney tubules, liver), Good for absorption/secretion
Simple Columnar Epithelial Long instead of wide, have aligned nuclei; mucus-secreting goblet cells; located in stomach/intestines
Stratified Squamous Epithelial Multiple layers, cells flatten near apical surface; Located in epidermis, oral cavity, and vagina. Resist abrasion/infection and prevent water loss.
Types of Muscular Tissues Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Skeletal Muscle Attaches to bone, allows for movement. Individual cell== muscle fiber; Long, multinucleated, striated
Cardiac Muscle In the heart only (involuntary control). Individual cell ==cardiomyocyte. Branched, mononucleated, striated. Connected to neighboring cells with intercalated discs.
Smooth Muscle Lines hollow organs in the body (involuntary control). Individual cells are mononucleated and NOT striated.
Nervous Tissue Send/receive electrochemical signals; communication; Located in brain, spinal cord, ganglia, peripheral nerves. Conductive cell== neuron
Connective Tissue Mostly extracellular matrix, only some cells, with protein fibers. Connects, supports, protects.
Types of Connective Tissues Dense/Loose Connective, Cartilage, Hyaline-cartilage, Adipose, Bone, Blood
Dense Connective Tissue Cells==fibroblasts, contains regular and irregular connective. Support and connect structures
Regular Dense Connective Tissue Tissue with parallel fibers (ex. tendons)
Irregular Dense Connective Tissue Tissue with multidirectional fibers (ex. dermis)
Loose Connective Tissue//Adipose Fiber obscured by fat-filled cells (adipocytes); insulation, protection, storage
Cartilages Cells==chondrocytes; Connect, support, protect structures while allowing flexibiliy
Types of Cartilages Hyaline (ends of long bones, respiratory passages), Fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage
Bone Cells==osteocytes; Collagen based mineral matrix gives solid texture. Found in skeleton, give support
Blood Fluid matrix==plasma; Cells== erythrocytes and leukocytes; no visible fibers BUT collagen fibers occur during clotting; Found in cardiovascular system, used to transport materials
Three main regions of a hair (in order bottom to top) Hair bulb, Hair root, Hair shaft
Three main regions of a nail (in order bottom to top); Nail plate Nail root, nail body, free edge
Epidermis Surface epithelium of skin
Dermis Lower epithelium of skin (below epidermis)
Sudoriferous glands (sweat) Small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat; exocrine glands (on the SURFACE via a duct)
Sebaceous glands (oil) Small oil-producing gland present WITHIN the skin of mammals (endocrine). Usually attached to hair follicles
Created by: 1462586860873370
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