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Question | Answer |
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This was the capital city of the Eastern Roman Empire until its capture by the Ottoman Empire in 1453 CE. | Constantinople |
This is the famous Roman emperor who created a capital and moved his administration there to be closer to their eastern Persian rivals, and legalized Christianity in the roman empire in 313 CE. | Constantine I |
This is the name of the Persian Empire that functioned as the archrival to the Romans from the 3rd to 7th centuries CE. | Sassanid Empire |
This is the emperor who reconquered the Western Roman Empire in the 6th century and issued several legal policies and reforms that set the foundations for modern legal institutions and practices. | Justinian |
This was the name of one of the Byzantine legal policies which formed the basis for modern legal practices. | Code of Justinian |
Along with Cyril, this missionary is famous for spreading Christianity into Southern and Eastern Europe and is credited for the conversion of the Slavic peoples. | Methodius |
This is the name of the text cataloged by Muhammad which contains the foundational doctrines of Islam. | Quran |
This is the terms ascribed to followers/adherents of Islam. | Muslims |
This was the primary Arabic city which hosted the pagan tradition of pilgrimage that was captured by adherents of Islam in 629 CE. | Mecca |
This is the name for the foundational practices of Islam which include acknowledgement of the one God & final prophet, fasting during Ramadan, almsgiving, prayer five times per day, and pilgrimage to the Kaaba. | Five Pillars |
This is the title given to the religious and political leader of Islam. | Caliph |
This is the name of the political, social, religious, and military entity that expanded rapidly from 632-661 CE and conquered the weakened Sassanid Empire, as well as took roughly half of Byzantine territory before giving way to factional Arab conflicts. | Rashidun Caliphate |
This was the name of the political, social, religious, and military entity that emerged from internal conflict and continued Arab expansion into North Africa, Spain, Central Asia, and South Asia from 661-750 CE. | Umayyad Caliphate |
This was the name of the political, social, religious, and military entity that revolted and won against the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 750-1258 CE from its capital in Baghdad, and continuing until the early 16th century. | Abbasid Caliphate |
This was the term used to describe the status of second-class citizenship for the ‘protected’ peoples of Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and Christianity within Muslim states. | Dhimmi |
This was the tax that applied to non-Muslims in Muslim states. | Jizya |
This was the name for non-Arab Muslim warriors within the caliphate(s). | Mamluks |
This was the caliphate continued in Egypt after 1258, ruled and administered mostly by non-Arabs. | Fatimid Caliphate |