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module 2 study guide
study guide
| who where the first Europeans to make contact with North America ? | vikings |
| the long ship created by the Vikings that was different from other ships how? | it curved at the ends and was more stable |
| The vikings raided countries where? and devolved what? | in Europe and trade routes |
| where were the vikings from | Scandinavia |
| who's boat was carried to the North American Coast by a storm to Canada ,Newfoundland and last Vinland and what year? | Leif Erikson and 100 |
| Eriksson settled in Vinland but were forced to leave because _______________? | The constant attacks from Native Americas and they were to far from other Vikings |
| what are some reason to explore | 1.They wanted to find spices in Asia 2. To convert people to Christianity 3.They were interested in Asian culture |
| how did Henry the Navigator ( Portuguese) help exploration exceed | built a school, and a observatory. funded mapmakers and shipbuilders' and he paid for expeditions to explore west Africa |
| name 3 advancements and what they do | 1.)astrolabe: helped sailors learn their position in the sea 2.)Caravels: a type of ship that was lighter, smaller, and easy to sail 3.)magnetic compass-indicates direction by always pointing North |
| How did Columbus think he could reach Asia? | by sailing west a crossed the Atlantic Ocean |
| what did Columbus know and not know about the earth | he knew the earth is round but Thought Earth was smaller than it is and he thought Asia extended farther East and was closer to Europe |
| who funded Columbus' voyages after many years of begging | Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain |
| What did the queen request of Columbus? | to bring items of value back and to claim unexplored land for Spain |
| what ships did columbus sail on | 1.With three ships Nina and pinta were caravels and the larger one Santa Maria with Columbus aboard a.) 90 men aboard b.) a year's worth of supplies |
| what natives did columbus meet and did they treat him? | The Taino's and they were generous (he called them indians) |
| what impacts did Columbus' voyages have | 1. He started the development of America 2.The “Doctrine of discovery” stated that if a country discovered uncharted land they had the Right to own and govern it (bad for natives) 3.inspired others to explore |
| who led a fleet in 1501 to south and north America and eventually the americas were named after him | Amerigo Vespucci |
| who was the first person to circumnavigate the globe | Ferdinand Magellan (sailed around the southern tip of Africa to the Philippines and was killed by natives there) |
| what is the Columbian exchange | Europeans transferred good from the Americas to Europe and the opposite |
| name some of the products that were involved with the Columbian exchange route and were they were sent to | to Europe from Americas: corn, potatoes, squash, tobacco, cocoa beans, turkeys to Americas from Europe: livestock, citrus fruits , wheat sugar cane |
| what effect did the exchange have | 1. killed 90-95 percent of Natives 2. as Natives died the Europeans enslaved African Americans instead 3. started a trade patterns |
| who is the leader of the Aztecs and what was their capitol city? | Moctezuma II and Tenochtitlan |
| who took over the aztec empire and how | The Aztecs welcomed Cortez as a god and he killed Moctezuma and destroyed the Aztec empire . Cortez men were outnumbered but they had better weapons |
| who conquered the inca empire? and how | Francisco Pizzaro and he and his outnumbered 400 men killed the inca's leaders and by 1543 the inca empire was there's but many Incan's died of diseases |
| name two positions in the spanish empire | a. Top=Council of Indies b. Viceroyalty of Peru and New Spain are appointed by Council of Indies |
| who founded and colonized puerto rico and explored Florida looking for the fountain of youth and Try to colonize the area but was unsuccessful | ponce de leon |
| what did hernada de soto's journey's consist of | Traveled from Florida to Alabama and got in a fierce war With the Natives Discovered Mississippi river |
| who was Estevancio | he was a enslaved African American and was sent on many missions to explore he was one of the first influential African American explores. |
| why did cornado want to travel west and what did he find | he want to find the seven golden cities and found the grand canyon |
| what is the encomienda system | Natives worked for settlers in exchange for protection although many times they were not given protection and were forced to work |
| how did the europeans treat the Natives | horribly they enslaved them and took most of their land and where forced to convert to different religions |
| North west passage | allowed ships to travel through water to the Pacific from the Atlantic |
| John Cabot | He sailed to North America and and claimed North America for england |
| Jacques Carteier | claimed Canada for France |
| what did these explorations do | increase in interest for exploration |
| Martin luther | criticized the Church for abusing its power this Started the protestant reformation Became a political dispute |
| what did the protestants want and facilitated this | wanted reform and believed religion was simple and the printing press |
| were French Catholics and Huguenots (protestants) friends or enemies | enemies, to the point that the Huguenots were forced to leave |
| how and why did the spanish conquer the Aztec and Inca | how: natives killed by disease, they had more advanced weapons, Cortes asked help from enemies, built boats, encomienda system, why: riches and gold, to convert Natives to Christianity, heard of fountain of youth, and seven golden cities. |
| what are some results of exploration | 1. Atlantic slave trade 2. New Portuguese trade routes: wealth and other countries started to explore these routes and new routes 3. Natives died 4. colonization of the Americas 5. Spread of Christianity |
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