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anatomy & physiology

chapter 1

TermDefinition
gross-comparative anatomy similarities and differences between species
comparative physiology studying different species to learn about body functions; basis for much of our understanding on human physiology
what do sensors (receptors) do? detect change away from the set point
function of the integrating center receives information from sensors (receptors) and elicits a response
what do effectors do? makes changes decided by the integrating center
negative feedback loop the activity of the effectors leads to a change in the opposite direction of the original change
antagonistic effects increased activity on one receptor is followed by a decrease in antagonistic effects
positive feedback loop the action of the effector amplifies the change that stimulated the effector
anatomy the study of structure
2 levels of anatomy gross & microscopic
gross-developmental anatomy changes in structure from conception to maturity
gross-embryology anatomy developmental changes prior to birth
gross-regional anatomy structures in a particular region of the body
gross-surface anatomy structures as they relate to the skin
gross-systemic anatomy gross anatomy in each system of the body
physiology the study of function
neurophysiology physiology of the nervous system
endocrinology physiology of the endocrine system
pathophysiology physiology of disease
homeostasis maintaining a stable internal environment
set point the optimal level for the body to function
anterior front of the body
posterior back of the body
ventral toward the stomach
dorsal toward the back
superior towards the head
inferior away from the head
medial toward the midline
lateral away from the midline
proximal nearest to the trunk of the body
distal farther from the trunk of the body
Created by: bellabarkley
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