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Exam 4 A&P
Skeletal Muscle Intro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four characteristics of the skeletal muscular system? | Excitability, contractibility, extensible, and elastic |
| The four functions of the Skeletal muscular system are: movement of body parts, posture, and what? | Stabilization of joints and production of heat |
| What characteristic of the skeletal muscular system responds quickly to input from the nervous system? | Excitability |
| What characteristic forcefully shortens when stimulated? | Contractibility |
| When a skeletal muscle stretches beyond their resting length is referring to what characteristic? | extensible |
| True or False: elastic characteristic is referring to the muscles ability to return to a resting length once stretched | True |
| Sarc/o means? | Muscle Fibers (Flesh) |
| What is Sarcolemma? | Membrane around a skeletal muscle cell |
| What is fluid within the skeletal muscle cell? | Sarcoplasm |
| The compartments that store calcium ions are known as? | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| Cylindrical structures that run the length of the muscle cells are known as? | Myofibrils |
| The ER (endoplasmic reticulum) of a muscle fiber is known as? | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| What is known as thin myofilament? | Actin |
| What is the light area of sarcomere; contains thin filaments only? | I band |
| These are small cylindrical organelles that make up a fiber? | Myofibrils |
| A filamentous structure with a sarcomere made up of the proteins Actin and myosin are known as? | Myofilaments |
| What is a muscle cell? | Muscle fiber |
| What is known as the functional unit of contraction? | Sarcomere |
| This is the dark area of a sarcomere created by thick filaments and contains myosin and actin filaments. | A band |
| The thick myofilament is known as? | myosin |
| There is a large amount of these found in muscle cell to produce ATP (energy)? | Mitochondrion |
| Known as the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber? | Sarcolemma |
| What is the boundary between two sarcomeres and attachment site for actin thin filaments? | Z line |
| What is connective tissue that surrounds the muscle belly? | Epimysium |
| What is connective tissue that surrounds the fascicles? | Perimysium |
| What does Endomysium do? | Connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle cells |
| What are the three connective tissue components that comprise the fasia of the skeletal muscle? | Epimysium, Perimysium, and Endomysium |
| What is connective tissue that extends from the ends of muscles to attach to bones at cord-like tendons or sheet-like aponeuroses? | Fascia |
| What are the two transitional zones between muscle, tendons, and bones? | Tenoperiosteal Junction and Musculotendinous Junction |
| What is known as the point where the muscle meet the tendon? | Tenoperiosteal Junction |
| The interface between muscle and tendon where force is transmitted between the two tissues and a common location of strain injuries is known as? | Musculotendinous Junction (MTJ) |
| Fibers that are the same lengths and parallel are known as? | Parallel Muscles |
| A type of muscle that has a thicker or broader belly that tapers at the ends. | Fusiform Muscle |
| A type of muscle where the fascicles are arranged in a circular pattern. | Circular Muscle |
| A type of muscle where the fascicles are arranged is a triangular pattern. | Triangular Muscles |
| Fascicles converging into the central tendon from one side only are known as? | Unipennate Muscles |
| Fascicles that runs an oblique line from the side towards the central tendon is known as? | Bipennate Muscles |
| True or False: Multipennate Muscles are point of origin; were the central tendon divides into multiple branches; with bipennate fascicle arrangements. | True |
| Known as the prime mover (does majority of movement) | Agonist; the muscle that is the largest, strongest or has the best angle to pull across the joint based on the attachment point. |
| This muscles is signaled to relax when the agonist is signaled to contract. (works in opposition of agonist) | Antagonist |
| This muscle works with the agonist ( helps the prime mover move) | Synergist |
| What does the Stabilizer muscle do? | Stabilizes the proximal end of the prime mover (agonist) to make the movement more efficient. |
| Refers to the amount or degree of movement used to measure and describe the osteokinematics of a synovial joint is known as? | Range of Motion (ROM) |
| Is the range of motion (Active or Passive or Resistive) when used to asses problems of contractile tissues? | Resistive range of motion (RROM) |
| Is the range of motion (Active or Passive or Resistive) both inert (non-contractile) and contractile tissues is engaged. (prime mover is active) | Active range of motion (AROM) |
| Is the range of motion (Active or Passive or Resistive) when used to asses problems of inert (non-contractile) tissues? | Passive range of motion (PROM) |
| What is it referring to when movement is limited by bone-to-bone contact? | Hard end feel (quality of resistance at end of normal ROM) |
| What is it referring to when movement is limited by tension of soft tissue being stretched and pulled taut? | Firm end feel (quality of resistance at end of normal ROM) |
| What is it referring to when movement is limited by soft tissue on soft tissue contact? | Soft end feel (quality of resistance at end of normal ROM) |
| Connective tissue fibers composed of bundles of smaller fibrils; made of protein are known as? (gives collagen stretch-resistance) | Tropo-collagen |
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JML19
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