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Chapter 11

Digestive system

TermDefinition
Digestive System Gastrointestinal
Functions of digestive system digestion, absorption, and excretion
Digestion process of breaking down food by chewing, swallowing, and mixing in digestive juices to convert some of the food into absorbable molecules
Absorption the passage of digested food molecules through the walls of the intestines and into the bloodstream to be carried to cells of the body
Excretion elimination of nonabsorbable nutrients and wastes from the body
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o abdomen
an/o anus
appendic/o appendix
bil/i, chol/e bile
bucc/o cheek
cheil/o lip
col/o, colon/o colon
cyst/o bladder or sac
dent/i teeth
doch/o duct
duoden/o duodenum
enter/o small intestine
enter/o small intestine
esophag/o esophagus
gastr/o stomach
gingiv/o gum
gloss/o, lingu/o tongue
hepat/o, hepatic/o liver
herni/o hernia
ile/o ileum
inguin/o groin
jejun/o jejunum (empty)
lith/o stone
or/o, stomat/o mouth
pancreat/o pancreas
peritone/o peritoneum
phag/o eat or swallow
proct/o anus and rectum
pylor/o pylorus (gatekeeper)
rect/o rectum
sial/o saliva
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon (resembles)
steat/o fat
-emesis vomiting
Abdominal clinical divisions RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
Bx biopsy
C&S culture and sensitivity
CT computed tomography
EGD esophagogastroduodenoscopy
ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
EUS endoscopic ultrasonography
GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease
GI gastrointestinal
HAV hepatitis A virus
HBV hepatitis B virus
HCV hepatitis C virus
LES lower esophageal sphincter
LLQ left lower quadrant
LUQ left upper quadrant
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
NG nasogastric
PUD peptic ulcer disease
RLQ right lower quadrant
RUQ right lower upper
WDWN well-developed and well-nourished
Created by: maariiaa
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