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PSSA Grade 8 Reading
8th grade PSSA reading vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rising Action | the major conflicts in a story |
| Conflict | the problem in the story |
| Personification | Human traits are given to inanimate objects ex. The leaves danced across the lawn. |
| Metaphor | a figure of speech that suggests, without saying, that one thing is like another ex. The room was a beehive of activity |
| Simile | A figure of speech where one thing is compared to another that is different by using like or as. ex: The professor was as wise as an owl. |
| Hyperbole | a figure of speech consisting of an extreme exaggeration not meant to be taken literally. ex: Mom took me to a million stores today. |
| Irony | the opposite of what you expect |
| Bias | a judgment based on a personal point of view |
| Author's Purpose | the author's intent either to inform or teach someone something, to entertain people, or to persuade or convince their audience to do or not do something |
| Alliteration | the repetition of consonant sounds |
| Allusion | an implied or indirect reference in literature to a familiar person, place, or event |
| Autobiography | the story of a person's life written by him or herself |
| Biography | the story of a person's life written by someone else |
| Cause and Effect | cause statements stem from actions and events, and effects are what happen as a result of the action or event |
| Climax | the high point of suspense in a story |
| Compare | similarities between two things |
| Conflict | the problem or struggle in a story |
| Context Clues | information from the reading that identifies a word or group of words |
| Contrast | differences between two things |
| Dialogue | conversation between people in a literary work |
| Differentiate | to recognize and tell apart differences between two or more items |
| Editorial | a newspaper or magazine article that gives the opinions of the editors or publishers; an expression of opinion that resembles such an article |
| Fiction | a story or novel that is not true; it is made up from the imagination |
| Figurative Language | language that cannot be taken literally |
| First Person Point of View | a personal point of view using the "I" point of view. May also contain me, our, we, us |
| Free Verse | poetry that does not have meter or rhyme scheme; It sounds more like regular speech |
| Generalization | a broad statement |
| Imagery | appeals to one or more of the five senses |
| Main Idea | the main idea is the author's central thought; the topic sentence of a paragraph |
| Mood | the emotion or feeling created in the reader |
| Narrative | text that tells a story |
| Nonfiction | text that is true |
| Onomatopoeia | words that make their sound |
| Plot | the sequence of events in a story; the structure often includes the exposition, rising action, climax, and the resolution |
| Point of VIew | the perspective in which a story is told |
| Sequence | an order of events in time order OR by using time order words (first, second, next, then) |
| Resolution/Denouement | the end of the conflict in the story |
| Rhyme | words that have similar consonant or vowel endings therefore the words sound alike |
| Rhythm | the beat of a poem |
| Setting | the time and place; where a story unfolds |
| Symbolism | something that represents more than itself |
| Theme | the major idea or insight of a literary work |
| Third Person Point of View | the story from a narrator's point of view (he, she, it, they, them, their, her, or his) |
| Tone | the attitude of the author toward the audience, characters, or a subject |
| Exposition | introduces the characters, setting, and conflict of a story |
| Internal Conflict | a problem within yourself (man vs. self) |
| External Conflict | a problem with an outside force ( man vs. man, machine, super natural, nature, society) |
| Character Traits | qualities a character possesses |
| Foreshadow | hints or clues as to what is going to happen later in a story |
| Protagonist | the main character in a story |
| Antagonist | the person who has a conflict against the protagonist |
| Motivation | the reason why a character feels or thinks a certain way |
| Genre | a category used to classify literary works: drama, fantasy, mystery, etc. |
| Primary Source | text or first-hand account of an event; example: interview |
| Secondary Source | sources which are taken from an original work; example: books |
| Homophone | words pronounced the same but have a different meaning and spelling; here and hear |
| Paraphrase | to restate the information in your own words |
| Fact | a statement that is true and can be proven |
| Opinion | what someone thinks or feels; it can be argued |
| Stanza | a verse or paragraph of a poem |
| Synonym | words that have similar meaning; joy and happy |
| Antonym | a word that is the opposite of another word; happy and sad |
| Assonance | the repetition of vowel sounds to create an internal rhyme |
Created by:
mrsdoyle
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