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Cardiovascular Sys
The Cardiovascular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The heart is enclosed within an area of the thorax known as the _____. | mediastinum |
| The double sac membrane that covers the heart is the _____. | pericardium |
| The heart has three layers of tissue; the middle and thickest layer is called the _____. | myocardium |
| The layer of the heart tissue lining the heart chambers and covering the valve tissue is the _____. | endocardium |
| The heart chambers are separated longitudinally by a body of tissue known as the _____. | cardiac septum |
| The blood receiving chambers of the heart are the _____. | atria |
| The pumping chambers of the heart are the _____. | ventricles |
| Blood returns to the heart from the lungs by means of the _____. | pulmonary veins |
| The large artery carrying blood to the body from the left ventricle of the heart is the _____. | aorta |
| Those blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are _____. | arteries |
| Those blood vessels that care blood toward the heart are _____. | veins |
| One the right side of the heart, the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the _____. | tricuspid valve |
| One the left side of the heart, the bicuspid valve has two flaps and is known as the _____. | mitral valve |
| The valves leading to the pulmonary trunk and aorta are both referred to as the _____. | semilunar valves |
| Arteries supplying blood to the tissue of the heart are the _____. | coronary arteries |
| A blockage in vessels supplying heart muscle may cause a(n) _____. | myocardial infarction |
| Because the sinoatrial node sets the pace for the autorhythmic cardiac muscle activity of the heart, it is commonly known as the _____. | pacemaker |
| The QRS wave of an EKG represents the electrical activity of _____. | ventricles contracting |
| The autorhythmic activity of the heart can be modified by a branch of the nervous system known as the _____. | autonomic nervous system |
| Heart contraction is known by the alternate term of _____. | systole |
| Relaxation periods of the hart when contractions are not occurring are knows as _____. | diastole |
| The heart normally beats each minute approximately _____. | 70-75 times |
| Unusual heart sounds, such as those emitted by poorly function valves, are called _____. | murmurs |
| The smallest vessels, which carry blood to the cells of the tissues are the _____. | capillaries |
| An artery’s lumen may be narrowed by _____. | vasoconstriction |
| Dilated veins with pooled blood cause a condition known as _____. | varicose veins |
| The pressure of the blood can be measured by an instrument known as a(n) _____. | sphygmomanometer |
| A typical blood pressure reading contains two numbers of which the first number is the systolic pressure, and second number is the _____. | diastolic pressure |
| A rapid pulse reflects a rapid heart rate and condition called _____. | tachycardia |
| A slow pulse reflects a slow heart rate and a condition called _____. | bradycardia |
| The regulatory center of the brain that maintains the flow of blood is a cluster of sympathetic neurons known as the _____. | vasomotor center |
| Insufficient oxygen and nutrients delivered to the body cells may induce a condition known as _____. | shock |
| The only artery of the body that carries oxygen-poor blood is the _____. | pulmonary artery |
| The only vein of the body that carries oxygen-rich blood is the _____. | pulmonary vein |
| The pattern of blood vessels within the brain is known as the _____. | circle of Willis |
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