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MC Bio 204 ch 4 ET
epithelial tissues
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| two major types of epithelial tissue | lining-and-covering epithelium and glandular epithelium |
| desmosome | a type of junctional complex, specialized for cell-to-cell adhesion || L/simple and stratified ET, among other places |
| gap junctions | F/cell-to-cell communication |
| tight junctions | a type of cell junction || L/in stomach, e.g. |
| polarity of epithelial cells | every epithelial cell has an apical surface and a basal surface |
| two levels of basement membrane | basal lamina and reticular lamina |
| avascularity of epithelial tissue | epithelium never contains blood vessels; instead, it obtains nutrients from the exposed or underlying surfaces |
| the naming of stratified epithelium | stratified epithelium is named according to the shape of the TOP layer of cells |
| simple squamous epithelium | A/both the cells and their nuclei appear flattened || SF/permeable and thin, permitting diffusion and filtration between two regions || F/in serous membranes, SSE secretes serous fluid || L/mesothelium, alveoli, glomerular capsule, capillary endothelium |
| mesothelium | epithelial layer of serous membranes |
| alveoli | air sacs of lungs |
| glomerular capsule | part of the filtration membrane in the kidneys |
| simple cuboidal epithelium | A/nuclei are round; cells look like beads on a necklace || F/designed for secretion and absorption || L/glands, walls of kidney tubules |
| simple columnar epithelium | A/sometimes have microvilii || F/in the stomach, SCE cells themselves secrete digestive juices, and their embedded globlet cells secrete mucus || F/in the small intestine, microvilii increase surface area for absorption || L/GIT, uterine tubes |
| stratified squamous epithelium | two types: keratinized (found in skin) and nonkeratinized (found in the lining of the mouth, esophagus, anus, and vagina) |
| transitional epithelium | A/top layer of cells pear-shaped || F/flexible, allows distension || L/lining of urinary bladder |
| pseudostratified columnar epithelium | A/cells are of varying heights, creating the illusion of layering -- but all cells are actually connected to the basement membrane || F/secretion of mucus by goblet cells || L/lining of nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi |
| endothelium | internal lining of blood vessels (simple squamous epithelium) |
| endocardium | internal lining of the membrane around the heart (simple squamous epithelium) |
| endocrine glands | ductless; release secretions directly into the bloodstream or lymph |
| exocrine glands | ductal; release secretions onto body surface or into body cavities |
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dglenn34
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