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MOT 135
Renal - final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of urine | 1. Regulation of volume of blood 2. Regulation of blood electrolytes 3. Regulation of acid-based balance of blood Ph 4. Regulation of volume of electrolytes and Ph in tissue fluid |
| where is the kidney located | retroperitoneal |
| What is the membrane that covers the kidneys | renal fascia |
| Internal kidney of the kidneys have two layers of tissue and a cavity name the outer and inside layer, and cavity | Renal medula (inside)Renal cortex (outside) and Renal pelvis |
| what is the indentation where the renal artery and ureter exit what is it called | Hilus |
| What is another name for the renal capsule | Bowmen's Capsule |
| Inside the Bowmen's there are cells and liquid is formed, what is this area called, fluid that forms form blood | Renal filtrate |
| Collecting tubulal and Renal tubules unite and form what | Papillary duct |
| Papillary duct empties into the | Calyx of the renal pelvis |
| What are the three steps to form urine | 1. Glomerular filtration: occurs within the renal corpuscles 2. Tubular re-absorption: occurs within the renal tubules 3. Tubular secretion: occurs within renal tubules |
| What are the four re-absorptions | Active Transport; Passive Transport; Osmosis; Pinocytosis |
| 4 mechmanis that of the reformation of urine,with active transportation what cells use use what active to transport materials.What is active transport | ATP transports minerals from filtrate to blood |
| What is Passive transport what ions follow | negative ions. reabsorbed after positive ions to back to blood |
| What is reabsorbed during osmosis | water. is reabsorbed to blood after minerals |
| What is pinocytosis transfer to what part of the cell | cell membrane. proteins too large are absorbed by proximal convoluted tubule membranes of the cell |
| Between the layers of bowman's is | renal filtrate (fluid formed from blood) and will become urine |
| Fold in mucosa are | rugae |
| Ureter drains from kidney into the bladder by way of. smooth muscle that contract towards the ureter what are they called | peristalsis (smooth muscle) |
| Smooth muscle layer in the urinary bladder is | detrusor |
| What are the 3 hormone that influence the reabsorption of water | 1. Aldosterone2. Anti natriuretic (ANH)3. Antidiuretic (ADH) |
| What is aldosterone | high bld potassium, low bld sodium, low blood pressure |
| What is antinatriuretic ANH | aterial walls stretching by high blood pressure and high blood volume |
| what is antidiuretic ADH | low body water volume |
| Waht is the structure that carries urine form bladder to outside the body | urethra, allows urine to flow |
| Urination is also know as | voiding |
| Yellow color of urine is called | urochrome |
| What are the characteristics of urine | Color, Amount, Gravity, Ph, Constitutents, Nitrogen waste |
| The evaluation of urine is called, when someone comes in with urinary symptoms do a | urinalysis |
| What does the normal urinalysis demonstrate | proper: filtration, waste elimination, absorption, fluid electrolyte balance |
| What is the procedure called to look into the bladder, and what instrument do you use | cystoscopy, cystoscope |
| acute glomerulonephritis: | inflammation, and swelling of the glomeruli acute: sudden onset usually after strep infection |
| chronic glomerulonephritis | inflammation, and swelling of the glomeruli chornic slowly progressive nonifectious disease can lead to permanent renal damage |
| nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis) | DISEASE OF THE BASEMENT MEMBRANES OF THE GLOMERULUS. SECONDARY TO MANY RENAL disease increased permeabilti of the glomerulus |
| acute renal failure | sudden and severe reduction in reanl function considered emergency since nitrogen waste build up fast in the blood |
| chronic renalfailure | gradual and pregressive loss of nephrons with irrevrsibel loss of renal function and gradual onset of uremia numerous causes pyelonephritis, infection, polycystic disease |
| acute pyelonephritis | acute inflammation of renal pelvis and connective tissue of one or both kidneys usually bacteria |
| hydronephritis | abnormaldilation of the renal pelvis caused by urine pressure an obstruction prevents the normal flow of urine to the ureter. the obstruction can be stones, tumors, inflammation |
| renal calculi | stones, formed by the concentration of various mineral salts in the kidney or another part of the urinary tract excessive amt of calciumor uric acid, hereditary factor, dehydration, supersaturated crytalline |
| diabetic nephropathy | renal changes as result of diabetes melitus called glomerulosclerosis complicationof diabetes mellitus; lesions caused by the filtration rate to decrease |
| stress incontinence | uncontrollable leakage of small amounts of urine from the urinary bladder during exertion or stress action. weaking of thepelvic floor muscles and urethral strictures |
Created by:
mary t
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