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Axial skeleton
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| frontal Bone | forehead bone |
| ethmoid Bone | Bone separates the hard palate from the nasal cavity. |
| sella turcica | is occupied by the pituitary gland, located in the sphenoid bone turkish saddle |
| cribriform plate | The olfactory nerves extend into the roof of the nasal cavity through the |
| hyoid bone | not attached to other bones |
| sphenoid Bone | butterfly shaped bone inside the skull and below the Temporal |
| axial skeleton | consists of the Skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage |
| sinuses | frontal, sphenoidal, and maxillary sinuses and the ethmoidal labyrinth |
| parietal bones | joined at the midline by the sagittal suture |
| temporal bones | skull bones that are inferior to the parietal bones |
| external auditory meatus | transmits sounds waves to the eardrum |
| mandible bone | lower jaw bone |
| maxillary bone | upper jawbone |
| palatine process | roof of the mouth |
| mandibular condyles | the smooth, rounded ends that articulate with the mandible |
| Sagittal suture | The suture that joins the two parietal bones |
| coronal suture | The suture that joins the frontal bone to the parietal bones |
| occipital bone | the bone that is on the posterior side of the skull |
| lambdoid suture | the suture in the posterior section of the skull, superior to the occipital bone |
| squamous suture | joint between temporal and parietal bones |
| mastoid process | bony projection posterior to the mandible |
| process | bony projection |
| condyle | smooth rounded articular surface |
| trochanter | tuberosity found on the proximal end of femur |
| tuberosity | knob or enlargement |
| facet | small, flattened articular surface |
| foramen | hole |
| meatus | tunnel |
| fossa | depression |
| zygomatic bones | cheek bones |
| Lacrimal bones | paired medial bones located in the eye orbits |
| inferior nasal conche | scroll shaped nose bone |
| vomer | bone that divides the nasal cavity |
| superior nasal conche | upper third of conche in nose |
| middle nasal conche | middle conche of nose |
| foramen magnum | large hole at the base of the skull. the medulla oblongata passes through |
| occipital condyles | the bony knobs that articulates with the c1- atlas vertebrae |
| atlas | the first cervical vertebrae- c1 |
| axis | the second cervical vertebrae, has a dens |
| cervical | neck |
| thoracic | mid back, ribs attach |
| true rib | rib that is attached directly to the sternum by costal cartilage |
| false rib | rib that is attached indirectly to the sternum by costal cartilage |
| floating rib | rib that is not attached to the sternum |
| xiphoid process | tip of the sternum |
| clavicle | collar bone |
| Scapula | shoulder blade |
| TMJ disorder | Temporomandibular joint disorder- articular disc becomes frayed or dislocated resulting in pain, reduced range of motion, or clicking |
| lacrimal | refer to tear secretion |
| function of nasal conchae | filter and humidify the air we breath |
| vertebra features | body, spinous process, vertebral foramen, transverse processes, intervertebral discs |
| cervical vertebrae | neck, transverse foramina, atlas, axis |
| thoracic vertebrae | mid back, facets for ribs |
| lumbar vertebrae | lower back |
| sternum | chest bone, articulates with clavicle and ribs |
| coccyxs | fused at the base of the sacrum |
| sacrum | articulates with the ox cosa and is posterior to the lumbar vertebrae |
| appendicular skeleton | your arms and legs |
| pelvic girdle | fused bones including Ilium, Ischium, Pubis, acetabulum |
| leg bones | femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges |
| arm bones | humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges |
| olecranon process | articulation point for elbow |
| ulna | lateral arm bone |
| radius | medial arm bone |
| humerus | largest bone in arm, ball and socket joint (labrum) |
| acromion | articulates with the clavicle, superior point |
| coracoid process | looks like a bent fingers, medial to the glenoid cavity |
| glenoid cavity | where the humerus articulates with the scapula and the clavicle |
| scapular spine and subscapular fossa | located on the posterior side of the scapula |
| capitulum | condyle on lateral portion of distal humerus, articulates with the radius |
| trochlea | pully like structure that articulates with ulna |
| greater sciatic notch | sciatic nerves passes through |
| obturator foramen | large hole located in pelvis, anterior to the sacrum |
| acetabulum | center of the hip socket, 3 bones converge |
| male vs female pelvis | females- flexible coccyx, broader in width, ilium flared laterally, ischial tuberosities turned laterally, pelvic arch/ angle 90 degrees or more |
| femur | largest bone in body, located in the lower limb, articulates with the acetabulum |
| pubic symphysis | point of fusion in the hip |
| patella | kneecap |
| Lateral malleolus | bony tip of the distal end of fibula |
| medial malleolus | bony tip at the distal end of the tibia |
| talus | superior to the calcaneus, ankle |
| calcaneus | inferior to the talus; heel |
| tarsal bones | bones in the foot, ankle |
| metatarsal bones | long bones in the foot, 5, distal to the tarsal bones |
| phalanges | distal bones in the hands and feet |
| carpal bones | bones in the wrist |
| metacarpals | long bones in the hand- 5, distal to the carpals |
| epiphysis | end of bone |
| diphysis | shaft of bone |
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