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Chapter 6- Muscles
Anatomy Chapter 6 muscle ntes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the ability of the skeletal muscle to shorten with force? | Contractility |
| what is the ability for a skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus? | Excitability |
| what is the ability for the muscle to be stretched? | extensibility |
| What is the ability to recoil to original resting length after being stretched? | elasticity |
| A sheath of connective tissue around the skeletal muscle is called? | epimysium |
| a connective tissue outside the epimysium, that surrounds and separates muscles is called? | Fascia |
| what is the loose connective tissue surrounding fasciculi? | Perimysium |
| Single muscle cells are called? | fibers |
| What is the sheath of connective tissue surrounding fiber? | endomysium |
| what is the thread like structure filled in fiber? | myofibrils |
| is actin myofilaments thin or thick myofilaments? | Thin |
| is myosin myofilaments thin or thick myofilaments? | thick |
| what is the basic structural and functional unit of the muscle? | Sarcomeres |
| What is it called when the muscle remains contracted? | tetany |
| What is the increase in number of motor units activated? | recruitment |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fiber are called? | motor neurons |
| A single motor neuron is called? | motor unit |
| enlarged nerve terminal are called? | Presynaptic terminal |
| Space between presynaptic terminal and muscle cell is called? | synaptic cleft |
| The sliding of actin is called? | Sliding filament mechanism |
| A contraction of muscle in response to a stimulus is called? | muscle twitch |
| The point a muscle needs to reach to react to a stimulus is called? | threshold |
| the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron is called? | Lag phase |
| the time of contraction is called? | Contraction phase |
| the time during muscle relaxes is called? | relaxation phase |
| Is the I band light or dark? | Light |
| Anaerobic respiration means? | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration means? | with oxygen |
| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose is called? | oxygen debt |
| The constant tension as the muscle is relaxed is called? | muscle tone |
| What do fast twitch fibers do? | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| what do slow twitch fibers do what? | contract more slowly |
| the most stationary end of the muscle is called? | origin |
| the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement is called? | insertion |
| each presynaptic terminal contains__________. | Synaptic vesicles |
| The muscle between the origin and the insertion is the? | belly |
| Muscles that work together to make specific movements are called? | synergists |
| Muscles that work opposite from each other are called? | antagonists |
| When one muscle makes the desired movement this is called? | prime mover |
| what muscles raises the eyebrows? | occipitiofrontalis |
| what muscles closes the eyelids? | orbicularis oculi |
| what muscle can pucker the lips? | orbicularis oris |
| what muscle can flatten the cheeks? | buccinator |
| what muscle can make the smile expression? | Zygomaticus |
| what muscle can cause the frowning expression? | frowning |
| what muscle rotates and abducts the head? | Sternocleidomastoid |
| What is the sheet like muscle that covers the anterolateral neck? | platysma |
| what is the muscle that is responsible for keeping the back straight and the body erect? | erector spinae |
| The muscles that move the thorax is called? | Thoracic muscles |
| what muscles elevate the ribs when breathing? | external intercostals |
| what muscles contract daring forced expiration? | internal intercostals |
| What muscle is reasonable for quite breathing? | diaphragm |
| the tendinous area of the abdominal wall is the? | linea alba |
| what does the linea alba consists of? | white connective tissue |
| what muscle is on each side of the linea alba? | rectus abdominis muscle |
| what muscle rotates the scapula? | Trapezius |
| what muscle pulls scapula anteriorly? | serratus anterior |
| what is the arm attached to the thorax by? | pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles |
| what muscle flexes the arm? | pectoralis major |
| the muscle that medially rotates, adducts and powerfully extends is called? | latissimus doris |
| what muscle extends the forearm? | triceps brachii |
| what muscle flexes the forearm? | biceps brachii |
| what muscle flexes the wrist? | flexor carpi |
| what muscle extends the wrist? | extensor carpi |
| what muscles flex the fingers? | flexor digitorum |
| what muscle extends the leg? | quadriceps femoris |
| what muscle flexes the thigh? | sartorius |
| what muscle flexes the leg and extends the thigh? | hamstring |
| What forms the calf muscles? | Gastrocnemius and soleus |
| what mucle flexes the foot and toes? | calcaneal tendon |
| How many muscles are located in the foot? | 20 |
| what muscle flex the toes? | intrinsic foot |
| what is the buttocks muscle called? | gluteus maximus |
| what shape is the diaphragm? | a dome |
| a group of muscles on each side of the back is called? | erector spinae |
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