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Muscle System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. | Contractility |
| The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. | Excitability |
| The ability to be stretched. | Extensibility |
| Ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. | Elasticity |
| A connective tissue sheath that surrounds the skeletal muscle. | Epimysium |
| A connective tissue outside of the epimysium. | Fascia |
| Surrounds the fascicle by loose connective tissue. | Perimysium |
| Single muscle cells that make up the fascicle. | Fibers |
| Is each muscle fiber a single cylindrical cell containing several nuclei? | Yes |
| Connective tissue sheath surrounding each fiber. | Endomysium |
| The cytoplasm of each fiber. | Myofibrils |
| Thin myofilaments | Actin Myofilaments |
| Thick myofilaments | Myosin Myofilaments |
| Actin and myosin myofilaments ordered units. | Sarcomeres |
| The charge difference between neg. and pos. | Resting Membrane Potential |
| Brief reversal back of the charge. | Actin Potential |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers. | Motor Neurons |
| When each branch connects to the muscle. | Neuromuscular Junction (Synapse) |
| A single motor neuron and all skeletal muscle fibers it innervates. | Motor Unit |
| Enlarged nerve terminal. | Presynaptic Terminal |
| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell. | Synaptic Cleft |
| Muscle fiber. | Postsynaptic Terminal |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains what? | Synaptic Vesicles |
| Synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called what? | Acetylcholine |
| The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell rapidly broken down by enzymes. | Acetylcholinesterase |
| The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is called what? | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| Contraction of the entire muscle caused by a stimulus. | Muscle Twitch |
| In this level muscle fibers will respond to stimulus. | Threshold |
| When a muscle fiber contracts maximally. | All-or-none Response |
| Time between application of a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction. | Lag Phase |
| Time of contraction. | Contraction Phase |
| When the muscle relaxes. | Relaxation Phase |
| When the muscle stays contracted without relaxing. | Tetany |
| Increase of motor units being active. | Recruitment |
| A high energy molecule. | Creatine Phosphate |
| Without oxygen. | Anaerobic Respiration |
| With oxygen. | Aerobic Respiration |
| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions. | Oxygen Debt |
| When ATP is used when contracting a muscle faster than it can be produced. | Muscle Fatigue |
| equally dense | Isometric |
| equally tense | Isotonic |
| constant tension produced by muscles. | Muscle Tone |
| contract quickly and fatigue quick | Fast Twitch Fibers |
| contracts slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | Slow Twitch Fibers |
| head | Origin |
| end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | Insertion |
| muscle between the origin and the insertion | Belly |
| muscles that work together | Synergists |
| muscles that work opposing to one another | Antagonists |
| A muscle that accomplishes the desired movement | Prime Remover |
| raises eyebrows | Occipitofrontalis |
| closes the eye lids | Orbicularis oculi |
| puckers lips | Orbicularis oris |
| Flattens the cheeks | Buccinator |
| smiling muscle | Zygomaticus |
| sneering | Levator labii Superioris |
| frowning | Depressor anguli oris |
| chewing | Mastication |
| lateral neck muscle | Sternocleidomastoid |
| group of muscles on each side of the back | Erector Spinae |
| muscles that move the thorax | Thoracic Muscles |
| external intercostals and internal intercostals | Most involved in breathing |
| Dome shaped muscle that helps you breathe quiet | Diaphragm |
| rotates scapula | Trapezius |
| pulls scapula anteriorly | Serratus Anterior |
| adducts and flexes the arm | Pectoralis Major |
| swimmers muscles | Latissimus Dorsi |
| attaches the humerus to the scapula | Deltoid |
| extends forearm | Triceps Brachii |
| flexes the forearm | Biceps Brachii Brachialis |
| flexes and supinates the forearm | Brachioradialis |
| strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place. | Retinaculum |
| flexes the wrist | Flexor Carpi |
| extends the wrist | Extensor Carpi |
| flexes the fingers | Flexor Digitorum |
| extends the fingers | Extensor digitorum |
Created by:
sdcrisl1
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