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Muscular System

QuestionAnswer
the ability of muscle to shorten with force contractibility
the ability of a muscle to react to a stimulus excitability
the ability of a muscle to stretch extensibility
ability of a muscle to recoil to original length after stretching elasticity
connective tissue sheath directly on the muscle epimysium
connective tissue outside of epimysium that separates muscle fascia
muscle bundles fasciculi
bundles surrounded by this loose connective tissue perimysium
muscle cells fibers
connective tissue sheath around muscle fibers endomysium
a threadlike structure that extends along the fiber contained in the cytoplasm myofibrils
thin myofilaments actin myofilaments
thick myofilaments myosin myofilaments
basic structural and functional unit of muscle sarcomeres
myosin bands A, H, M
actin bands Z, I
charge difference in the membrane membrane potential
when muscle is stimulated and changes briefly action potential
nerve cells that carry stimulus to muscle motor neurons
axon branch that touches muscle neuromuscular junction, synapse
motor neuron and the muscle it stimulates motor unit
enlarged nerve terminal presynaptic terminal
space between presynaptic terminal and the muscle synaptic cleft
muscle fiber terminal postsynaptic terminal
contained in presynaptic terminal and secrete neurotransmitters synaptic vesicles
neurotransmitter that contracts muscle acetylcholine
enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine acetylcholinesterase
actin sliding on myosin myofilaments sliding mechanism
contraction of a muscle in response to a stimulus muscle twitch
stimulus level powerful enough to contract a muscle threshold (all or none response)
time between stimulus and action lag phase
time of contraction contraction phase
muscle stays contracted tetany
increase in motor units recruitment
high energy molecule creatine phosphate
without oxygen anaerobic respiration
with oxygen aerobic respiration
amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions oxygen debt
ATP is used more in contraction than it can be produced muscle fatigue
length increase but tension does not isotonic
tension increase but length does not isometric
constant tension on a muscle muscle tone
contract and fatigue quickly fast-twitch fibers
contract and fatigue slowly slow-twitch fibers
stationary end of the muscle origin
end of the muscles moving the most insertion
between origin and insertion belly
muscles together to form one movement synergists
muscles working in opposition of each other antagonists
one major muscle in the role of movement prime mover
raises eyebrows occipitofrontalis
closes eyelids orbicularis oculi
puckers lips orbicularis oris
flattens cheeks Buccinator
smiling muscle zyogomaticus
frown depressor anguli oris
chewing mastication
move tongue, change shape extrinsic, intrinsic
lateral neck muscle sternocleidomastoid
group of muscles on the back erector spinae
quiet breathing diaphragam
tendinous area of abdominal wall linea alba
each side of the linea alba rectus abdominis
makes muscle looks segmented tendinous inscriptions
rotates scapula trapezius
pulls scapula anteriorly serratus anterior
flexes the arm pectoralis major
medially rotates and other movements of the arm latissimus dorsi
attaches humerus to the scapula and clavicle deltoid
extends forearm posterior triceps brachii
flexes forearm anterior biceps brachii
flexes forearm and supinates brachialis/ brachioradialis
holds th wrist for it doesn't bowstring retinaculum
flexes the wrist flexor carpi
extends writs extensor carpi
flexes fingers flexor digitorum
extends fingers extensor digitoum
buttocks gluteus maximus
extends the leg quadriceps femoris
flexes thigh sartorius
posterior thigh muscle hamstring
calf muscle gastrocnemius and soleus
flex foot and toes Achilles tendon
Created by: khjarre13
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