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Anatomy Stack 1
Nightingale SCI220 - Weeks 1-5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cells | The smallest living units of structure and function in the human body. Fundamental organizational unit of life |
| Molecules | Atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates. |
| Characteristics of Life | Circulation, conductivity, Digestion, Reproductive |
| Ventral/Dorsal | Two major cavities of the human body. |
| Tissue | Many similar cells that are specialized to perform a certain function. |
| Sagittal | L/R portions |
| Coronal | Anterior/Posterior |
| Organ | Several kinds of tissues working together. |
| Hydrogen Isotope Tritium | One proton. Two Neutrons. |
| Study of Metabolism | Anabolism, Catabolism, ATP requirements |
| Gastric pH | Approximately 2 |
| Synthesis Reaction | Substances are combined to form more complex substances |
| Alkaline (basic) Solutions | Greater concentration of Hydroxide ions |
| Atomic Mass | Protons + Neutrons |
| Acids | Proton donors, taste sour, release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution. |
| Dehydration Synthesis | Formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water |
| Octet Rule | Stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level |
| Ionic Bond | Positive and Negative ion attracting each other. |
| Bases | Accept hydrogen ions |
| Caveolae | Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane |
| Phospholipid Bilayer | Barrier function of the plasma membrane |
| Microfilament | "Cellular Muscles" |
| Microvilli | Cell extension that contains microfilaments, assists epithelial cells in absorption |
| Chromatin | Threads within the nucleus |
| Desmosomes | Hold skin cells together |
| Cilia | Projections from cell that move materials and mucus |
| Centrosome | Microtubule organizing center |
| Ribosome | Nonmembranous organelle |
| Mitochondrion | "Power house", ATP production |
| Proteasomes | Allow for recycling of amino acids within cell |
| Lysosome | Associated with enzymatic breakdown of foreign material |
| Smooth ER | Supplies membrane for use throughout cell, makes steroid hormones and glycoproteins |
| Golgi Apparatus | Processes and packages material to be secreted |
| Cell fibers: large to small | Microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments |
| Glycoprotein molecules | Identification function of the cell membrane |
| Stratum Corneum | Most superficial layer of epidermis |
| Cerumen | Brown waxy substance formed by secretions of sebaceous and ceruminous glands |
| Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | Cube-shaped, lines kidney tubules |
| Basement Membrane | Union of basal and fibroreticular laminae |
| Arrector Pili Muscle | Small bundle of involuntary muscles found in hair follicles |
| Extracellular Matrix | Contains proteins and proteoglycans, Fluid environment that fills spaces between cells of the body |
| Dermis | Two layers: thin papillary, thick reticular |
| Mucus | Produced by goblet cells |
| Connective Tissue | Adipose, blood, cartilage - most abundant in body |
| Neuron | Conducting unit of nerve tissue |
| Cardiac Muscle | Contains intercalated discs |
| Epithelial Tissue | Covers and protects body surfaces and lines body cavities |
| Primary germ layers | Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm |
| Collagen | Most abundant protein compound in the body |
| Dermoepidermal Junction | "Glues" epidermis and dermis together; provides mechanical support |
| Fibrocartilage | Strongest, most durable |
| Principal Tissue Types | Connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous |
| Skin Glands | Sweat, sebaceous, ceruminous |
| Myeloid Tissue | Bone marrow tussue type |
| Diaphysis | Main shaft of a long bone |
| Carpals | Bones that compose the wrist |
| Types of bone | Long, flat, short, irregular |
| Hyaline | Most common type of cartilage |
| Sphenoid | Keystone in arcitecture of cranium |
| Transverse Abdominis | Innermost muscle of abdominal wall |
| Convergent | Muscle fascicles in a triangular shape |
| Fascia | Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds entire muscle |
| Agonist | Muscle that directly performs a specific movement |
| Endomysium | Individual muscle fibers covered by a connective tissue membrane |
| Origin | Point of attachment that does not move when muscle contracts |
Created by:
stacey_b24
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