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Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 6 Test Study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How much blood does the human body contain? | eight to 10 pints |
| What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system? | blood |
| what are platelets? | blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process. |
| what is another term for white blood cells? | leukocytes |
| what is the study of tiny structures found in living tissue? | histology |
| What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues? | to understand the effect services have on the body. |
| what is protoplasm? | substance of which the cells of all living things are composed. |
| what is the process of cell reproduction called? | mitosis |
| what is the sternum? | flat bone that forms from the ventral support of the ribs |
| what part of the hand is supplied by the radial nerve and its branches? | back |
| what is the fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells? | plasma |
| what is true of the origin part of the muscle? | it is attached to the skeleton |
| what are the structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions? | organs |
| why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorous levels? | so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly. |
| what is true of the pituitary gland? | it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system |
| what organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats? | pancreas |
| what are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream ands that influence the welfare of the entire body? | hormones |
| what is the primary function of the respiratory system? | breathing |
| what is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system? | protecting the body from disease |
| what is the primary function of the skeletal system? | providing the physical foundation of the body. |
| what is osteology? | study of the bones |
| what is a term that means bone and is used as a prefix in many medical terms? | os |
| what is the primary function of the circulatory system? | moving blood through the body |
| what is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system? | skeletal tissue |
| what body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste? | digestive |
| what is the primary function of the excretory system? | purifying the body by elimination of waste matter? |
| what is the primary function of the reproductive system? | perpetuating the human race. |
| what is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems? | nervous |
| what is the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton? | joint |
| what body system serves as a protective covering of the body? | integumentary |
| what is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function? | tissue |
| what are valves? | structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only |
| where in the skull is the occipital bone located? | back |
| how many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis? | two |
| what are the two phases of metabolism? | anabolism and catabolism |
| what is the metabolic process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones? | anabolism |
| when, during metabolism, are complex compounds within the cells broken down into smaller ones? | catanolism |
| what body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body? | endocrine |
| where in the body does the spinal cord originate? | brain |
| what are glands? | specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood. |
| what are lymph nodes? | gland-like structures found inside the lymphatic vessels. |
| what are two physical characteristics of lymph? | colorless and watery |
| what binds tissue of the body together? | connective tissue |
| what type of tissue provides a protective covering on body surfaces? | epithelial |
| what carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body function? | nerve tissue |
| what organ circulates the blood? | heart |
| what do the kidneys do? | excrete water and waste products |
| what is the name of the two bones that form the bridge of the nose? | nasal |
| what is the largest and strongest bone in the face? | mandible |
| what is formed by the 12 pairs of the bones in the ribs? | thorax |
| what serves as the protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other internal organs? | thorax |
| what are small vessels that connect capillaries to veins? | venules |
| what term refers to thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries? | veins |
| what gland controls how quickly the body burns energy and makes proteins? | thyroid |
| what is NOT true about the brain? | it is the largest organ of the body |
| what supplies oxygen to the blood? | lungs |
| what is the function of the liver? | removing waste created by digestion |
| what organ aids the intestines in the digestion of food? | stomach |
| what is defecation? | eliminating waste from the body |
| what is the term for taking food into the body? | ingestion |
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