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Mod. 6
Mod. 6 - Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an(o) | - root - anus |
| append(o) | - root - appendix |
| appendic(o) | - root - appendix |
| bucc(o) | - root - cheek |
| cec(o) | - root - cecum |
| Celi(o) | - root - belly |
| chol(e) | - root - gall/bile |
| cholecyst(o) | - root - gall bladder |
| col(o) | - root - colon |
| colon(o) | - root - colon |
| dent(o) | - root - teeth |
| odont(o) | - root - teeth |
| duoden(o) | - root - teeth |
| enter(o) | - root - small intestine |
| esophag(o) | - root - esophagus |
| gastr(o) | - root - stomach |
| gingiv(o) | - root - gums |
| hepat(o) | - root - liver |
| ile(o) | - root - ileum |
| jejun(o) | - root - jejunum |
| labi(o) | - root - lips |
| lingu(o) | - root - tongue |
| gloss(o) | - root - tongue |
| or(o) | - root - mouth |
| pancreat(o) | - root - pancreas |
| peritone(o) | -root -peritoneum |
| pharyng(o) | - root - pharynx |
| proct(o) | - root -rectum/anus |
| rect(o) | - root - rectum/anus |
| sigmoid(o) | - root - sigmoid colon |
| pre | - prefix - before |
| post | - prefix - after |
| retro | -prefix - backward |
| ase | - suffix - enzyme |
| flux | - suffix - flow |
| iasis | - suffix - abnormal condition |
| lith | - suffix - calculus/stone |
| lytic | - suffix - breakdown |
| pepsia | - suffix - digestion |
| prandial | - suffix - meal |
| ostomy | - suffix - creation of an artificial opening |
| tresia | - suffix - opening |
| tripsy | - suffix - crushing |
| ascites | fluid accumulation within the abdomen |
| cirrhosis | chronic liver disease |
| diverticulosis | forming of bulging sacs in the large intestine |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of bulging sacs in large intestine |
| hemorrhoids | - mass/enlarged and twisted varicose vein in the mucous membrane of the rectum |
| hernia | protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it |
| inflammatory bowl disease | ulceration of the mucous membrane of the colon ---- Ex: chrone's disease |
| irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) | - disturbance of instestinal function of unknown origin |
| jaundince | result of excess bile in blood, characterized by yellow skin and eyes |
| ulcer | open sore/lesion of the skin/mucous membrane |
| Cortic(o) | -root - renal cortex |
| cyst(o) | - root - urinary bladder |
| dips(o) | - root - thirst |
| glomerul(o) | - root - glomerulus |
| hydr(o) | - root - water |
| lith(o) | - root - stone |
| medull(o) | - root - renal medulla |
| nephr(o) | - root - kidney |
| ren(o) | - root -kidney |
| noct(i) | - root - night |
| pyel(o) | - root - renal pelvis |
| ur(o) | - root - urine |
| urin(o) | - root -urine |
| ureter(o) | - root - ureter |
| urethra(o) | - root - urethra |
| an | - prefix - without |
| dys | - prefix - difficult |
| poly | - prefix - many |
| trans | - prefix - through or across |
| continence | - suffix - to stop |
| emia | - suffix - a blood condition |
| graphy | - suffix - process of recording |
| iasis | - suffix - condition |
| ia | - suffix - condition |
| itis | - suffix - inflammation |
| lysis | - suffix - breakdown |
| megaly | - suffix - enlargement |
| ptosis | - suffix - drooping/prolapse |
| tripsy | - suffix - crushing |
| uria | - suffix - urination |
| diuresis | abnormal secretion of large amounts of urin |
| dysuria | painful or difficult urination |
| end-stage renal disease | kidney disease where kidneys can no longer adequately filter the blood |
| renal hypertension | elevated level of urea or other protein waste products in the blood |
| uremia | elevated level of urea or other protein waste products in the blood |
| balan(o) | - root - glans penis |
| orch(o) | -root - testes |
| orchi(o) | - root - testes |
| orchid(o) | - root -testes |
| test(o) | - root - testes |
| prostat(o) | - root - prostate gland |
| spermat(o) | - root - sperm |
| cervic(o) | - root - neck, cervix (neck of the uterus) |
| colp(o) | - root - vagina |
| vagin(o) | - root - vagina |
| gynec(o) | - root - female/woman |
| hyster(o) | - root - uterus |
| uter(o) | - root - uterus |
| lapar(o) | - root - abdomen |
| mamm(o) | - root - breast |
| mast(o) | - root - breast |
| men(o) | - root - menses/menstruation |
| oophor(o) | - root - ovary |
| ovari(o) | - root - ovary |
| salping(o) | - root - fallopian tube |
| benign prostatic hypertrophy | - enlargement of the prostate gland - commonly seen in men over 50 |
| candidiasis | - vaginal yeast infection - fungal infection that is characterized by extreme itchiness and curd-like discharge |
| endometriosis | - endometrial tissue grows in other areas of the body, causing: ----- pain ----- irregular bleeding ----- possible infertility |
| herpes genitalis | -geno/anorectal infection with herpes virus - spread via sex - can also be passed to fetus during child birth and can be fatal in children |
| sublingual | below the tongue |
| gingivitis | inflammation of the gums |
| esophagoplasty | surgical repair of the esophagus |
| duodenorrhaphy | suture or fixation of the duodenum |
| gastrostomy | artificial opening of the stomach |
| cholelithiasis | abnormal condition of gall stones |
| sigmoidoscopy | visual examination of the sigmoid colon |
| rectostenosis | narrowing of the rectum |
| dyspepsia | bad or difficult digestion |
| postprandial | after a meal |
| visual examination of the colon | colonoscopy |
| stones in the pancreas | pancreatolith |
| pain in the gall bladder | cholecystalgia |
| enlarged liver | hepatomegaly |
| narrowing of the jejunum | jejunostenosis |
| incision of the ileum | ileotomy |
| inflammation of the small intestin | enteritis |
| above the stomach | epigastric |
| herniation of protrusion of the duodenum | duodenocele |
| specialist of the teeth | dentist |
| lithotripsy | crushing a stone |
| nocturia | having to urinate during the night |
| hyperdipsia | abnormal condition of excessive thirst |
| renomegaly | enlarged kidney |
| nephrolithiasis | abnormal condition of kidney stones |
| suprarenal | above the kidneys |
| nephroptosis | prolapsed of the kidney |
| cystorrhaphy | suture of the bladder |
| uterealgia | pain in the ureters |
| urethrocystitis | inflammation of the urethra and the bladder |
| surgical repair of the bladder | cystoplasty |
| instrument used to examine the urethra | urethroscope |
| surgical removal of the kidney | nephrectomy/renectomy |
| crushing of a kidney stone | nephrolithotripsy |
| ureteromegaly | enlarged ureter |
| pertaining to the renal medulla | medullar |
| below the bladder | hypocystic |
| prolapsed of the urethra | urethroptosis |
| breakdown of the renal cortex | corticolysis |
| inflammation of the bladder | cystitis |
| spermatogenesis | formation of new sperm |
| prostatitis | inflammation of the prostate |
| testectomy | surgical removal of the testes |
| oophoropathhy | disease of the ovaries |
| mammogram | visual record of the breast |
| hysteroptosis | prolapse of the uterus |
| salpingoscope | instrument used to visually examine the fallopian tube |
| colpodynia | pain in the vagina |
| gynecologist | female specialist |
| cervicorrhaphy | suture of the cervix |
| surgical repair of the glans penis | balanoplasty |
| herniation of the testes | testocele |
| enlarged prostate gland | prostatomegaly |
| surgical removal of the breast | mastectomy |
| lack of menstrual flow or dischard | amenorrhea |
| sperm in the urine | spermatouria |
| a sperm cell | spermatocyte |
| prolapsed of the ovaries | oophoroptosis |
| inflammation of the vagina | vaginitis |
| surgical fixation of the testes | orchopexy |
| three functions of the GI system | 1 - transport food 2 - prepare food for absorption 3 - transport waste products for elimination |
| describe the oral cavity | - the mouth - voluntary - contains 3 pairs of salivary glands ----- releases digestive enzymes |
| mastication | - chewing - breaking food into smaller peices |
| describe the papillae | - raised projections on tongue - "taste buds" - helps push food from mouth to pharynx and eventually down the esophagus |
| describe the esophagus | - connects the mouth to the stomach - peristalsis starts here |
| what is perstalsis | - the function of the smooth muscle in the GI system - propels food - involuntary |
| describe the bladder | - hollow - elastic - muscular sac - in the pelvic cavity - receives urine from ureters |
| the internal sphincter is (voluntary/involuntary); and the external sphincter is (voluntary/involuntary) | internal = INVOLUNTARY external= VOLUNTARY |
| the (internal/external) sphincter allows for voiding | EXTERNAL sphincter allows for voiding |
| the ___________________ carries urine from the bladder to the external body and allows for voiding. | URETHRA allows for voiding |
| micturition | process of voiding |
| functions of the male reproductive system | 1 - produce sperm 2 - secrete testosterone |
| describe the testes | - there are two - develops in the kidney region and decends into the scrotum prior to birth |
| seminiferous tubules | location of spermatogenesis (sperm production) |
| interstitial cells | - other cells in the testes - responsible for testosterone production |
| path of sperm during ejaculation | - seminiferous tubules - epididymus - vas deferens - ejaculatory duct (urethra) |
| function of the epididymus | sperm storage prior to ejaculation |
| what is the function of the vas deferens | carry sperm into pelvic region |
| at what point does the vas deferens become the ejaculatory duct | when the seminal vesicle ducts connect to the vas deferens |
| what is the function of the seminal vesicles | produce and secrete seminal fluid ---- nurishes sperm and forms most of ejaculate fluid |
| the penis is formed of ___________ masses of erectile tissue | 3 |
| where is the prostate gland located | the upper end of the vas deferens |
| what is the function of the prostate gland | produce alkaline fluid --- aids in sperm motility --- protects sperm in acidic vaginal fluid |
| describe the glans penis | - distal end of the penis - covered with retractable skin fold (prepuce/foreskin) |
| functions of the female reproductive system | - produce estrogen - produce progesterone - foster a safe environment for pregnancy |
| describe the ovaries | - female gonads - either side of uterus - attach to uterus by the broad ligament |
| what are the functions of the ovaries | - released mature ovum - produce sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) |
| describe fallopian tubes | - connects ovaries to uterus - site of fertilization |
| describe the uterus | - muscular organ - sits between bladder and rectum |
| the fundus of the uterus | upper portion of the uterus |
| corpus of the uterus | the body of the uterus |
| where does pregnancy usually occur | - the fundus or the corpus of the uterus |
| endometrium | mucosa layer of the uterus |
| myometrium | muscular layer of the uterus |
| describe the cervix | - narrow lower portion of uterus - leads to the vagina |
| describe the vagina | - muscular tube lined with a mucous membrane |
| bartholin's glands | - two - either side of the vagina - secrete mucous - helps lubricate the vagina |
| external genitalia in women | labia majora and labia minora (vulva) |
| the labia majora/minora are also collectively called | vulva |
| three parts of the stomach | 1 - fundus (upper) 2 - body (middle) 3 - antrum (lower) |
| rugae | - fold of stomach lining - allow for stretching during food breakdown |
| name the two sphincters in the stomach | - esophageal (between esophagus and stomach) - pyloric (between stomach and small intestine) |
| what are the functions of the stomach sphincters | - openings - contract and relax - allow food in/out of stomach respectively |
| esophageal sphincter allows food (in/out) of the stomach; while the pyloric sphincter allows food (in/out) of the stomach | esophageal = IN pyloric = OUT |
| what is chyme | - food that has been broken down chemically |
| name the accessory organs to the gi system | - liver - pancreas - gall bladder |
| what is bile | - product of the liver - aids in food breakdown - stored in gall bladder |
| what is amylase and lipase | - produced in pancreas - digestive enzymes - enter small intestine via pancreatic duct |
| path of food | - mouth - esophagus - esophageal sphincter - stomach - pyloric sphincter - duodenum - jejunum - ileum -ileocecal valve - cecum - colon (ascending/transvers/descending) - sigmoid colon - rectum (anus) |
| 1st part of the small intestine | - duodenum |
| where does chyme mix with bile | in the duodenum of the small intestine |
| 2nd part of the small intestine | jejunum |
| 3rd part of the small intestine | ileum |
| where does most absorption take place in the gi system | ileum of small intestine |
| the ileocecal valve | the boarder between the large and small intestine |
| where is the appendix located | in the cecum of the large intestine |
| name the three parts of the colon | - ascending - transverse - descending |
| this part of the large intestine is S-shaped | sigmoid colon |
| what is the function of the large intestine | - does NOT absorb nutrients - functions more as a storage space |
| name the components of the urinary system | - (2) kidneys - (2) ureters - bladder - urethra |
| what is the function of the glomeruli | collection/filtration of urine |
| the is the primary function of the urinary system | - remove urea from blood |
| describe urea | - metabolic waste - nitrogenous waste |
| describe the kidneys | - bean shaped - surrounded by adipose tissue - two portions ----cortex ---- medulla |
| renal cortex | outer portion of the kidneys |
| renal medulla | - inner portion - contains nephrons (the functional unit of the kidneys), collection tubules, glomeruli |
| what are the glomeruli | - capillaries at the beginning of each nephron |
Created by:
kandriot
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