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ENDO: Pathologies 2
Endocrine system pathologies part 2.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | -increases blood calcium levels -mobilizes release of calcium from bones and teeth |
| insulin | -Secreted by beta cells in pancreas -Responds to high levels of glucose -Allows glucose to enter the cell -Stimulates liver to convert glucose into glycogen for storage |
| Calcitonin | -secreted by thyroid gland -decreases blood calcium levels -moves calcium into storage of bones & teeth |
| Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) | two primary thyroid hormones regulate the rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of many other body systems |
| Thymosin | -Secreted by thymus -Stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells of the immune system |
| Glucose | the basic form of energy used by the body |
| glucagon | -secreted by alpha islet cells of the pancreas in response to low blood sugar -increases glucose level by stimulating liver to convert glycogen into glucose |
| Mineralocorticoids | One of the major groups of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. It regulates water and electrolyte balance in extracellular fluid. |
| Glucocorticoids | Hormone of adrenal cortex. Raises blood sugar levels during times of stress. |
| epinephrine and norepinephrine | -adrenal medulla hormones -fight or flight response -increases HR and blood pressure |
| gonads | ovaries and testes |
| estrogen | A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males. Important for development and maintenance of female sex characteristics & regulation of menstrual cycle. |
| progesterone | Hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle by the corpus luteum in the ovary. Prepares uterus for possible pregnancy. |
| testosterone | stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics |
| leptin | Regulation of appetite |
| ghrelin | A hunger-arousing hormone secreted by an empty stomach |
| endocrinologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of the endocrine system |
| Electrolyte | -Mineral substances found in the blood. -Calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium. |
| Prolactin (PRL) | secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion |
| Melatonin | A hormone manufactured by the pineal gland that produces sleepiness. |
Created by:
jfoote
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