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Chap 20,21,22
Week 8 CNS, PNS & ANS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| “Fight-or-flight” physiological changes include all of the following except: | constriction of respiratory airways. |
| Parasympathetic neuron cell bodies are located in: | nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral cord. |
| The innermost layer of the meninges is the | pia mater. |
| The phrenic nerve is found in the _____ plexus. | cervical |
| Impulses from which system play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum? | Reticular activating system |
| Sensory neurons can operate in autonomic reflex arcs. | true |
| The pyramids are formed in the: | medulla |
| Some parasympathetic postganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in nuclei in the brainstem. | False |
| Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves? | Thoracic |
| The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bone is the: | dura mater. |
| There are _____ ventricles in the brain. | four |
| Conduction to autonomic effectors requires only one efferent neuron. | false |
| The peripheral nervous system includes: | only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches. |
| Beta receptors: | bind norepinephrine. |
| Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue? | Hypoglossal |
| The brain has _____ major divisions. | six |
| All cell bodies of the autonomic nervous system are located within the CNS. | False |
| f you were to damage some of the preganglionic fibers that enter the celiac ganglion, what effect would this have on sympathetic stimulation? | Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla may not reach the various sympathetic effectors, thus delaying the effects of sympathetic stimulation. |
| Which of the following might occur from the stimulation of parasympathetic fibers? | Increased peristalsis in the digestive tract |
| The brainstem does not include the: | cerebellum. |
| Several “vital centers” are located in the: | medulla |
| A patient complains of numbness in the skin of the buttocks and the posterior surface of the thigh and leg. The spinal nerve or peripheral branch most likely involved with this condition is the _____ plexus. | coccygeal |
| Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers? | Most inhibit the lower motor neuron. |
| Which is not true about sympathetic postganglionic neurons? | They produce acetylcholine. |
| The autonomic nervous system includes only efferent neurons. | False! |
| The cervical plexus: -is found deep in the neck. - is formed by the ventral rami of the first four cervical nerves and part of C5. -includes the phrenic nerve. | All of the above are correct |
| Which part of the brain releases the hormone melatonin? | Pineal gland |
| All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons except: | they have long fibers from CNS to ganglion. |
| Spinal nerves are _____ fibers. | motor and sensory |
| The nerve commonly called the vagus nerve is the _____ cranial. | tenth |
| Visceral effectors are innervated by sympathetic fibers. | true |
| Which part of the vertebral column has one more pair of nerves coming from it than it has vertebrae? | Cervical |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the: | subdural space. |
| Axon terminals that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic terminals. | True! |
| The main divisions of the central nervous system are the: | Brain & Spinal Cord |
| The cranial nerve that arises from the spinal cord is the: | accessory. |
| The lumbar plexus gives rise to the _____ nerve. | femoral |
| The areas specializing in language functions are found in the left cerebral hemisphere in: | about 90% of the population. |
| The sensory cranial nerves include only the: | olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear. |
| Effectors that have single innervation by the autonomic nervous system are innervated only by the parasympathetic division. | False! |
| The part(s) of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow is (are) the: | limbic system. |
| Nerve fibers of the spinothalamic tract are: | sensory. |
| All of the following cranial nerves have a functional classification of motor except: | vestibulocochlear. |
| The spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord and consist of _____ pairs. | 31 |
| Which plexus contains nerves that innervate the lower part of the shoulder and the entire arm? | Brachial |
| Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the | choroid plexus. |
| Dendrites and cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the | gray matter of the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord. |
| The ventral rami of most spinal nerves subdivide to form complex networks called | plexuses. |
| If you trace the axon inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber branches along which pathway? | all of the above |
| The dorsal root of each spinal nerve is easily recognized as a swelling called the | dorsal root ganglion. |
| The large fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called the | ventricles. |
| The inner protective covering of the brain is called the | meninges. |
| How many pairs of spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord? | 31 |
| The three divisions of the brain that make up the brainstem are the | medulla oblongata, midbrain, and pons. |
| The two efferent divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the | sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. |
| The lower end of the spinal cord, with its attached spinal nerve roots, gives the appearance of a horse’s tail called the | cauda equina. |
| Individual nerves that emerge from the _____ plexus innervate the lower part of the shoulder and the entire arm. | brachial |
| The enteric nervous system is made up of a complex network of nerve plexuses that control the visceral effectors in the | intestinal wall. |
| A subdivision of the nervous system that regulates involuntary effectors is the _____ nervous system. | autonomic |
| Spinal cord tracts provide conduction paths to and from the brain. The tracts that conduct sensory impulses down the cord from the brain are called _____ tracts. | descending |