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Joints & bones
Joints and bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Types of Bones | Long Short Irregular Flat |
| important functions of bones | Support - provides framework Protection - encloses cavities Movement - using skeletal muscles Mineral storage - reservior for minerals calcuim and PhospatesBlood cell formation - marrow of bones |
| Joints by structure | Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial |
| Joints by Function | Synathoraic - Immovable Ampiathoraic - Slightly movable Diarathroaic - Freely movable |
| Cartilaginous joints | United by cartilage Some movement No cavity |
| Fibrous Joints | United by fibrous tissue No Cavity No Movement |
| Types of joints | Plane - top of hand Hindge - Elbow Pivot - Ulna and Radisus moving side to side Condylid - wrist joints Saddle - thumb Ball and Socket - shoulder |
| Movements Allowed by synovial Joints | Abduction/ Adduction rotation Supination/Pronation Elevation/ Depression |
| Structural Features of Synovial Joints | Articular Cartilage Articular capsual- Fibrous Capsual/SynovialMembrane Joint cavity - synovial fuid Reinforcing ligaments |
| 3 Factors that assist stabilisation of Synovial Joints | Articular surfaces Muscle tone Ligaments |
| Function of ligaments | Stabilise joint scan stretch but snap help direct bone movement |
| What is the epipyseal line | where the bone grows |
| Middle part of the long bone called | diaphysis |
| top end of the long bone called | Epiphysis |
| type of bone is inside the long bone | Spongy bone with red marrow |
| Type of bone is on the outside | compact Bone |
| What is the middle of long bone called | Medullary cavity with yellow marrow |
| What covers the outside of a bone | periosteum |
| What covers the end of a long bone | articular cartlidge |