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A&P Vocab 6.1 & 6.2

A&P Vocabulary #3 Qtr. 2 Lesson 6.1 & 6.2

TermDefinition
afferent nerves Nerves that transmit impulses from the sensory receptors found in the skin, muscles, and joints to the CNS.
autonomic nervous system Controls the cardiac muscles of the heart and the smooth muscles of the internal organs (such as the intestines).
cell body The central location of the neurons which includes the nucleus and the mitochondria.
central nervous system (CNS) Includes the brain and the spinal cord.
dendrites Collects stimuli and sends impulses toward the cell body. This is also the site where transmission of neurotransmitters takes place.
efferent nerves Nerves that carry impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands.
myelin sheath Schwann cells with fatty substance that wrap around the axon to assure conductivity of the nerve impulses that take place.
neurilemma The external covering of the Schwann cells outside the myelin sheath.
neuroglia Also known as "glial cells", they are a specialized category of cells responsible for supporting the functions of the neurons.
nodes of Ranvier The uninsulated gaps between the myelin sheath.
peripheral nervous system (PNS) All of the nerves in the body with the exception of the brain and the spinal cord.
somatic nervous system Stimulates the skeletal muscles, causing them to develop tension.
autonomic reflexes They send involuntary stimuli to the cardiac muscles and the smooth muscles of the organs such as the intestines
conductivity The ability to transmit impulses.
depolarized When the electrical charge inside the membrane becomes more positive .
nerve impulse An electrical charge or action potential.
polarized When the inside of the membrane is more negatively charged than the outside.
reflexes Simple, rigid, involuntary programmed responses to stimuli.
refractory period The time between the completion of the action potential and repolarization.
repolarization the process of restoring the membrane to its original polarized resting state.
saltatory conduction When depolarization occurs only occurs at the nodes of Ranvier and allows fast impulses than if the nerve was unmyelinated.
somatic reflexes Reflexes involved in the simulation of skeletal muscles.
Created by: Mr. Bryant
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