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Ch 15

Respiratory System

QuestionAnswer
The nasal mucosa is made of ______ epithelial tissue. ciliated
The nasopharynx is located behind the _____________. nasal cavities
The nasopharynx is lined with ________epithelium. ciliated
During swallowing, the nasopharynx is covered by the __________. soft palate
The function of the soft palate is to cover the _____________ during ________. nasopharynx; swallowing
Mucus and pathogens are swept out of the larynx and trachea by __________. ciliated epithelial tissue
The trachea extends from the __________ to the _______________. larynx; bronchial tree
The trachea and all of the respiratory passages are collectively called the __________. bronchial tree
The serous membrane that lines the chest cavity is the _____________. parietal pleura
The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the ________. visceral pleura
The _______ pleura covers the lungs and the ______ pleura lines the chest cavity. visceral; parietal
During breathing, friction between the pleural membranes is reduced by __________. serous fluid
The alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries are all made of _______ tissue, which permits __________. simple squamous epithelial; diffusion of gas
Normal inflation of alveoli is possible because _________ decreases the surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli. pulmonary surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant permits normal inhalation because it decreases the ______ within alveoli. surface tension
The diaphragm _______ during inhalation. contracts
The diaphragm ________ during exhalation. relaxes
The diaphragm contracts during inhalation and moves _______. downward
The diaphragm relaxes during exhalation and moves _________. up and out
The diaphragm contracts during __________. inhalation
The diaphragm relaxes during ________. exhalation
During inhalation, the chest cavity is expanded top to bottom by the contraction of the ________. diaphragm
The ________ contribute to inhalation by pulling the ribs up and out. external intercostal muscles
The external intercostal muscles contribute to _________ by pulling the ribs up and out. inhalation
The external intercostal muscles contribute to inhalation by pulling the ribs _____. up and out
_____ is the amount of air in one normal inhalation and exhalation. Tidal volume
_______ is the sum of tidal volume, inspiratory and expiratory reserves. Vital capacity
The air pressure outside the body is called ______ pressure. atmospheric
The air pressure within the bronchial tree is called ______ pressure. intrapulmonic
Most oxygen is transported to tissues bonded to the _________ in RBC's. hemoglobin
Most oxygen is transported to tissues bonded to the hemoglobin in _____. red blood cells
Oxygen is released from Hemoglobin when the PO2 of the surrounding tissues is _______. low
Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in the form of _________ in _______. bicarbonate ions; plasma
The CNS respiratory centers are located in the _______ and ________. medulla; pons
The inspiration and expiration centers are located in the _______ of the brain. medulla
To compensate for a metabolic alkalosis, the respiratory rate will _______ . decrease
To compensate for a metabolic alkalosis, the respiratory rate will decrease in order to _______ more CO2 and ________ the blood pH. retain; lower
Severe respiratory acidosis will cause the blood pH to fall below _______. 7.35
Severe respiratory alkalosis will cause the blood pH to rise above ______. 7.45
To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respiratory rate will _______ in order _____ more CO2. increase; exhale
To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respiratory rate will increase in order to exhale more CO2 and ______ the blood pH. raise
Created by: lins0730
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