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MOT 135
Absolutely on the Renal Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where are the kidneys located? | Retroperitoneal area |
| What is the membrane that covers the kidneys called? | Renal fascia |
| What is the function of the kidneys? | Filter and form urine / eliminate waste from the body |
| What do the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra do? | Transport urine out of the body. |
| What are the 4 functions of the renal system? Also known as the 4 Rs. | Regulation of blood volume, regulation of electrolyte content of the blood, regulation of pH balance of the blood, regulation of volume, electrolyte content and pH balance of blood tissue fluid. |
| Cytoplasm or interstitial fluid are other names for what? | tissue fluid |
| The glomerulus is surrounded by what? | Bowman's Capsule |
| Between the layers of Bowman's capsule the fluid that will become urine is called what? | Renal Filtrate |
| What hormone responds to an increase in potassium, decrease in sodium, and decrease in blood pressure? | Aldosterone |
| What hormone responds to an stretching of the arterial walls due to increase in blood pressure and an increase in blood volume? | ANH |
| What hormone responds to a decrease in body water volume? | ADH |
| Where does glomular filtration occur? | renal corpuscles |
| What are the steps of urine formation in correct order? | glomular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion. |
| What hormone is responsible for maintaining blood volume and blood pressure? | Aldosterone |
| The _______ carries urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body. | Urethra |
| What is another word for urination? | Micturition or voiding |
| List the characteristics of urine: | Amount, color, specific gravity, pH, constituents, and Nitrogenous waste |
| The yellow color of urine comes from the breakdown of bile and is called what? | Urochrome |
| _______ receives filtrate from a glomerulus. | Bowman's Capsule |
| ________ is the organ responsible for the formation of urine. | Kidney |
| ________ is the measure of the dissolved materials in urine. | Specific gravity |
| ___________ carries urine from the kidney to the bladder | Ureter |
| _________ is the smooth muscle layer in the wall of the bladder. | Detrusor Muscle |
| When smooth muscles in the ureter contract and move urine towards the urinary bladder, these contractions are called what? | peristalsis |
| The kidneys consist of the outer layer _________, inner layer___________ and cavity __________. Name them. | Renal cortex, Renal Medulla, Renal Pelvis |
| During active transport, what energy is used to transport materials from filtrate to the blood? | ATP |
| During passive transport, what follows positive ions? | Negative ions |
| During osmosis, what is reabsorbed? | Water |
| During pinocytosis, proteins that are too large to be absorbed by active transport are absorbed through what part of the cell? | Cell membrane |
| The glomerulus is surrounded by what capsule? | Bowman's |
| Between the layers of Bowman's capsule, the fluid that will become urine is called what? | Renal filtrate |
| List the three steps in the formation of urine. | Glomerular filtration, Tubular reabsorption, Tubular secretion |
| When collecting tubules in the renal tubule unite, they form _______________ that empties urine into the ___________ of the renal pelvis. | Papillary duct, Calyx |
| The outer layer of the kidney is called? | Renal Cortex |
| The inner layer of the kidney is called? | Renal Medulla |
| The cavity of the kidney is called? | The renal pelvis |
| The indention in each kidney is called? | Hilus |
| The ureters are the tubes that extend from the hilus of the kidney to the bladder and do what? | Allow the urine to flow out of the body |
| The folds in the urinary bladder that allow it to expand are called what? | Rugae |
| The procedure to visualize the internal structures of the urethra and bladder that allow us to take biopsies of these areas is called what? | Cystoscopy |
| The instrument used to visualize the internal structures of the urethra and bladder that allow us to take biopsies of these areas is called what? | Cystoscope |
| _________ is the gradual and progressive loss of nephrons with irreversible loss of renal function. | Chronic Renal Failure |
| _______________ basement membrane of glomerulus causes protein loss. | Nephrotic syndrome |
| _____________ is another name for kidney stones. | Renal calculi |
| ____________ is inflammation and swelling of glomeruli of both kidneys. | Acute glomerulonephritis |
| _________________ increase abdominal pressure forces urine through bladder sphincter. | Stress incontinence |
| The most common type of renal disease that has inflammation of the renal pelvis and connective tissue of one or both kidneys is called? | Pyleonephritis |
| Slow progressive noninfectious disease that can lead to irreversible renal damage and failure is called? | Chronic glomerulonephritis |
| This condition presents as renal changes resulting from diabetes mellitus called Glomerulosclerosis. | Diabetic Neuropathy |
| This condition is cause by abnormal dilatation of the renal pelvis caused by pressure from obstructed urine flow. | Hydronephrosis |
| Sudden, severe reduction or renal function is called? | Acute renal failure |
| What does it mean when the urinalysis is normal? | The kidneys are working properly because there is: Proper filtration, Proper absorption, Proper waste elimination, Proper electrolyte and fluid balance. |
Created by:
kbcanarr
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