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Integumentary
Chapter 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The integumentary system compose of | skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands |
| functions of the integumentary system are to | protect the body, eliminate wastes through the sweat gland, regulate temp., produce vitamin D |
| epidermis | outer layer of skin (skin you see) |
| dermis | the second layer of skin, made up of new cells that replace discarded cells from the epidermis |
| What is under the dermis? | fatty tissue |
| benefits of fat | body's insulator, and add padding to the body |
| What happens when blood vessel dilate (become larger) | the body temp. is reduced |
| What happens if blood vessel becomes smaller? | body temp. increase |
| appendages | attachments of the skin |
| podiatrist | foot specialist |
| erythema | redness of the skin can mean increased body temperature, prolonged pressure, infection or injury |
| cyanosis | blue/gra color of the skin, lips, and nailbeds, indicating lack of oxygen |
| eschar | a black or scablike skin area. |
| pale or white color of skin can mean | circulatory problems related to shock |
| pressure ulcers (decubitus ulcers or bed sores) | an inflammation, sore, or culer in the skin. |
| How does pressure ulcer develop? | pressure on an area of skin prevents the flow of blood, resulting in dead tissue that comes off and leaving an open sore. |
| Areas most likely to break down are | back of the head, rim of the ears, shoulder blades, spine, shoulders, elbow, hip, kneeds, ankles, heels and toes |
| shearing | when skin moves one way whil the bone and tissue under the skin moves another way |
| anemia | not enough red blood cells |
| stages of developing pressure uclers | 1. sking becomes redden - tender and warm to touch. 2 development of a blister - breaks open leaving an ulcer 3. eschar can cover the sore - prevents healing and must be remove with sugery or medication |
| debridgement | removal of dead or unhealthy tissue |
| Ways to prevent pressure ulcers | keep the skin clean and dry, provide lotion and gentle massage, protect the skin from scratching, rubbing, etc. |
| When should a resident position be changed? | at least every 2 hours. Resident require frequent position changes |
| partial bath | bathing only parts of the body, include face, underarms, hands, and perineal area. |
| perineal area | area (female) between the vagina and anus (male) area between scrotum and anus) |
| always dress the affect side () and undress it () | first, last |
| heat is used to | speed up the healing process, decrease swelling, or to relieve pain |
| When heat is applied to the skin, the blood vessel | dilate (open) |
| cold is used to | preven swelling, control bleeding, relieve pain, or lower body temp. |
| When cold is applied, the blood vessel | contract (narrow) |
| moist application includes | soaks (warm or cold), compress (warm or cold), tub, alcohol sponge bath, sithz bath, cool wet packs |
| dry applications include | ice pack and ice collar, warm water bottle, heat lamp, aquamatic K-pad |
| moist application | water touches the skin |
| dry application | water does not touch the skin |
Created by:
Tiffastic
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