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Med Term Ch 9
Word parts of the cardiovascular system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Root and meaning of Valve | valvul/o Heart has 4 valves; two atrioventricular and 2 valves between the ventricles and arteries. Purpose of heart valves is to prevent blood from flowing backward |
| Root and meaning of Atrium | atri/o Upper chamber; upper portion of each side of heart. |
| Root and meaning of Septum | sept/o Latin "septum" means "Partition" and can refer to any dividing wall between 2 cavities |
| Root and meaning of Ventricle | ventricul/o Lower portion of each side of the heart; Venter(stomach) and icle (little) = little stomach in latin |
| Roots for heart (and meaning of 1 root) | cardi/o, coron/o -Corona literally means "crown" and refers to the way blood vessels that supply the heart descend and support the heart like a crown ("coronary" is usually used to refer specifically to the heart's blood supply) |
| Root and meaning of Aorta | aort/o main artery leaving the heart and distributing oxygenated blood throughout the body |
| Root and meaning of Artery | arteri/o large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from heart to body tissue |
| Root for fatty plaque | ather/o |
| Roots for vein | phleb/o and ven/o |
| Angina pectoris an-JAI-nah-PEK-tor-is | angina= to choke, pectoris= chest oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart |
| Arrhythmia ay-RITH-mee-ah | a= no, rrhythm- rhythm, ia= condition irregular heartbeat |
| Dysrhythmia dis-RITH-mee-ah | dys= bad, rhythm= rhythm, ia= condition irregular heartbeat |
| Palpitation PAL-pih-TAY-shun | rapid or irregular beating of the heart |
| Pectoralgia PEK-tor-AL-jah | pector= chest, algia= pain |
| Aortalgia AY-or-TAL-jah | aort= aorta, algia= pain pain in the aorta |
| Diaphoresis DAI-ah-for-EE-sis | dia= through, phoresis= carry profuse sweating |
| Hemorrhage HEM-oh-RIJ | hemo= blood, rrhage= burst forth loss of blood |
| Phlebalgia fleh-BAL-jah | pleb= vein, algia= pain pain in a vein |
| Endocardium EN-doh-KAR-dee-um | endo= inside, card= heart, ium= tissue tissue lining the inside of the heart |
| Epicardium EH-puh-KAR-dee-um | epi= upon, card= heart, ium= tissue tissue lining the outside of the heart |
| Myocardium MAI-oh-KAR-dee-um | myo= muscle, card= heart, ium = tissue heart muscle tissue |
| Pericardium PER-uh-KAR-dee-um | peri= around, card= heart, ium= tissue tissue around the heart |
| Bradycardia BRAY-dih-KAR-dee-ah | brady= slow, card= heart, ia= condition Slow heartbeat |
| Cardiomegaly KAR-dee-oh-MEH-gah-lee | cardio= heart, megaly= enlargement enlarged heart |
| Cardiotoxic KAR-dee-oh-TOK-sik | cardio= heart, toxic= poison poisonous to the heart |
| Cyanosis SAI-ah-NOH-sis | cyan= blue, osis= condition bluish appearance to the skin- a sign that the tissue isn't receiving enough oxygen |
| Murmur MIR-mir | abnormal heart sound |
| Tachycardia TAK-ih-KAR-dee-ah | tachy= fast, card = heart, ia= condition Fast heartbeat |
| Vena Cava VEE-nah CAY-vah | vena= vein, cava= hollow large- diameter vein that gathers blood from the body and returns it to the heart |
| Inferior vena cava in-FEER-ee-or VEE-nah-CAY-vah | inferior= lower, vena= vein, cava- hollow portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body |
| Superior vena cava soo-PEER-ee-or VEE-nah-CAY-vah | superior= upper, vena= vein, cava= hollow portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body (head and arms) |
| Angiogenesis AN-jee-oh-JIN-eh-sis | angio= vessel, genesis= creation development of blood vessels |
| Angiolith AN-jee-oh-LITH | angio= vessel, lith= stone stone forming in the wall of a blood vessel |
| Angiopoiesis AN-jee-oh-poh-EE-sis | angio= vessel, poiesis= formation formation of blood vessels |
| Angiosclerosis AN-jee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | angio= vessel, scler= hard, osis= condition hardening of a blood vessel |
| Aortectasia ay-OR-tek-TAY-zhah | arort= aorta, ectasia= dilation dilation of the aorta |
| Aortic stenosis ay-OR-tek stih-NOH-sis | aort= aorta, ic= pertaining to, sten= narrow, osis= condition narrowing of the aorta |
| Aortolith ay-OR-toh-LITH | aorto= aorta, lith= stone stone deposit in the wall of the aorta |
| Arteriolith ar-TER-ee-oh-LITH | arterio= artery, lith= stone stone in the artery |
| Arteriorrhexis ar-TER-ee-oh-REK-sis | arterio= artery, rrhexis= rupture rupture of an artery |
| Arteriosclerosis ar-TER-ee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | arterio= artery, scler= hard, osis= condition hardening of an artery |
| Atherogenesis A-ther-oh-JIN-eh-sis | athero= fatty plaque, genesis= creation formation of fatty plaque on the wall of an artery |
| Atherosclerosis A-ther-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | athero= fatty plaque, scler= hard, osis= condition hardening of an artery due to build up of fatty plaque |
| Embolus EM-boh-lus | em= in, bolus= throw mass of matter present in the blood (this word used to mean "stopper" in Greek) |
| Embolism EM-boh-LIZ-um | embol= embolus, ism = condition blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus |
| Ischemia ih-SKEE-mee-ah | isch= hold back, emia= blood condition blockage of blood flow to an organ |
| Occlusion oh-KLOO-zhun | closing or blockage of a passage |
| Phlebosclerosis FLEB-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | phlebo= vein, scler= hard, osis= condition hardening of a vein |
| Thrombus THROM-bus | blood clot |
| Varicose veins VAR-ih-kohs VAYNS | varicose= swollen / twisted an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin |
| Vasospasm VAS-oh-SPAZ-um | vaso= vessel, spasm= involuntary contraction involuntary contraction of a vein |
| Venosclerosis VEE-noh-skleh-ROH-sis | veno= vein, scler= hard, osis= condition hardening of a vein |
| Venospasm VEE-noh-SPAZ-um | veno= vein, spasm = involuntary contraction involuntary contraction of a vein |
| Venostasis VEE-noh-STA-sis | veno= vein, stasis= standing trapping of blood in an extremity due to compression |
| Angiogram AN-jee-oh-GRAM | angio= vessel, gram= record record of blood vessels |
| Angiography AN-jee-AW-grah-fee | angio= vessel, graphy= writing procedure procedure to describe blood vessels |
| Aortogram ay-OR-tah-GRAM | aorto= aorta, gram = record record of the aorta |
| Arteriogram ar-TER-ee-oh-GRAM | arterio= artery, gram = record record of an artery |
| Venogram VEE-noh-gram | veno= vein, gram = record record of a vein |
| Angioscope AN-jee-oh-SKOWP | angio= vessel, scope= device for looking device for looking into a blood vessel |
| Cardiac catheterization KAR-dee-ak KATH-eh-ter-ih-ZAY-shun | cardi= heart, ac catheter= pertaining to catheter, ization= procedure process of inserting a tube (catheter) into the heart |
| Echocardiogram EK-oh-KAR-dee-oh-GRAM | echo= echo, cardio= heart, gram = record image of the heart produced using sound waves; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead is performed on a heart |
| Echocardiography EK-oh-KAR-dee-AW-grah-fee | echo= echo, cardi= heart, graphy= writing procedure use of sound waves to produce an image of the heart; |
| Electrocardiogram eh-LEK-troh-KAR-dee-oh-GRAM | electro= electricity, cardio= heart, gram = record record of the electrical currents of the heart |
| Electrocardiography eh-LEK-troh-KAR-dee-AW-grah-fee | electro= electricity, cardio= heart, graphy= writing procedure procedure for recording the electrical currents of the heart |
| Sonography saw-NAW-grah-fee | sono= sound, graphy= writing procedure use of sound waves to produce diagnostic images, also called ultrasound |
| Stress electrocardiogram STRES eh-LEK-troh-KAR-dee-oh-GRAM | stress electro= stress electricity, cardio= heart, gram = record records electrical signals of the heart while the patient increases exercise stress |
| Transesophageal echocardiogram TRANZ-eh-SOF-ah-JEE-al EK-oh-KAR-dee-oh-GRAM | trans= through, esophag= esophagus, eal= pertaining to;;;; echo= echo, cardio= heart, gram = record record of the heart using sound waves performed by inserting the transducer into the esophagus |
| Vascular endoscopy VAS-KYOO-lar en-DAW-skoh-pee | vascul= vessel, ar endo= pertaining to inside, scopy= looking procedure procedure to look inside a blood vessel |
| Blood pressure BLUD-PRESH-ir | the force exerted by blood in the walls of blood vessels |
| Diastolic pressure DAI-ah-STAW-lik PRESH-ir | dia= through, stol= send, ic= pertaining to pressure pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is relaxed |
| Systolic pressure sih-STAW-lik PRESH-ir | sys= together, stol= send, ic= pertaining to pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is contracting |
| Cardiologist KAR-dee-AW-loh-jist | cardio= heart, logist= specialist heart specialist |
| Cardiology KAR-dee-AW-loh-jee | cardio= heart, logy= study of branch of medicine dealing with the heart |
| Cardiovascular KAR-dee-oh-VAS-kyoo-lar | cardio= heart, vascul= vessel, ar= pertaining to pertaining to the heart and blood vesssels |
| Circulation SIR-kyoo-LAY-shun | moving of blood from heart through vessels and back to the heart |
| Coronary circulation KOR-ah-NER-ee SIR-kyoo-LAY-shun | coron= heart, ary = pertaining to circulation of blood from the heart to the heart muscle (the heart always feeds itself) |
| Phlebologist fleb-AW-loh-jist | plebo= vein, logist= specialist specialist in veins |
| Phlebology fleb-AW-loh-jee | plebo= vein, logy= study study of veins |
| Phlebotomist fleb-BAW-toh-mist | phlebo= vein, tom=incision, ist= specialist one who draws blood |
| Phlebotomy fleh-BAW-toh-mee | phlebo= vein, tomy= incision incision into a vein- the technical term for drawing blood |
| Pulmonary circulation PUL-mon-AR-ee SIR-kyoo-LAY-shun | pulmon= lung, ary= pertaining to circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs (to oxygenate it) |
| Systemic circulation sih-STEM-ik SIR-kyoo-LAY-shun | sys= together, stem= stand, ic = pertaining to circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body |
| Angiocarditis AN-jee-oh-kar-DAI-tis | angio= vessel, card= heart, itis= inflammation inflammation of the heart vessels |
| Atrial fibrillation AY-tree-al FIB-rih-LAY-shun | atri= atrium, al fibrill= pertaining to little fibers, ation= process quivering or spontaneous contraction of the muscle fibers in the herat's atrium |
| Atrial septal defect (ASD) AY-tree-al SEP-tal DEE-fekt | arti= atrium, al septum= pertaining to septum, al de= pertaining to bad, fect= made Flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart |
| Cardiac arrest KAR-dee-ak ah-REST | cardi = heart, ac= pertaining to, arrest= stop cessation of functional circulation |
| Cardiomyopathy KAR-dee-oh-mai-AW-pah-thee | cardi= heart, myo= muscle, pathy = disease disease of the heart muscle |
| Congestive cardiomyopathy con-JES-tiv KAR-dee-oh-mai-AW-pah-thee | con= together, gestive = bring heart cavity is unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive) and becomes stretched (dilated) which caused weak/slow pumping of blood |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy DAI-lay-ted KAR-dee-oh-mai-AW-pah-thee | dilated cardio= expanded heart, myo= muscle, pathy= disease another term for congestive myopathy |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HAI-per-TROH-fik KAR-dee-oh-mai-AW-pah-thee | hyper= over, troph= developed, ic= pertaining to heart muscle becomes enlarged and blocks blood flow |
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy ree-STRIK-tiv KAR-dee-oh-mai-AW-pah-thee | re= back, strict= tied, ive= pertaining to heart muscle hardens, restricting the expansion of the heart, thus limiting the amount of blood it can pump to the rest of the body |
| Carditis kar-DAI-tis | card= heart, itis= inflammation inflammation of the heart |
| Congenital heart defect con-JEN-ih-tal HART DEE-fekt | con= together, genit= birth, al= pertaining to heart de= bad, fect= made flaw in the structure of the heart present at birth |
| Congestive heart failure (CHF) con-JES-tiv HART FAYL=yir | con= together, gest= bring, ive = pertaining to ----- heart failure heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive) |
| Coronary thrombosis KOR-ah-NER-ee throm-BOH-sis | coron= heart, ary= pertaining to, thromb= clot, osis= condition obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot |
| Endocarditis EN-doh-kar-DAI-tis | endo= inside, cardi= heart, itis= inflammation inflammation of the tissue lining the inside of the heart |
| Myocardial infarction (MI) MAI-oh-KAR-dee-al in-FARK-shun | myo= muscle, cardi= heart, al= pertaining to, /// in = in, farc- stuff, tion= condition death of heart muscle tissue |
| Myocardial ischemia MAI-oh-KAR-dee-al ih-SKEE-mee-ah | myo= muscle, cardi= heart, al= pertaining to, isch= hold back, emia= blood condition blockage of blood to the heart muscle |
| Myocarditis MAI-oh-kar-DAI-tis | myo= muscle, card= heart, itis= inflammation inflammation of heart muscle |
| Pericardial effusion PER-ee-KAR-dee-al ee-FYOO-zhun | peri= around, cardi= heart, al= pertaining to, ef- out, fusion= pour fluid pouring out into the tissue around the heart |
| Pericarditis PER-ee-kar-DAI-tis | peri= around, cardi= heart, itis= inflammation inflammation of the tissue around the heart |
| Valvulitis VAL-vyoo-LAI-tis | valvul= valve, itis = inflammation inflammation of a heart valve |
| Ventricular septal defect (VSD) ven-TRIK-yoo-lar SEP-tal-DEE-fekt | ventricul= ventricle, ar= pertaining ot, sept= septum, al= pertaining to, de= bad, fect= made flaw in the septum that divides the two ventricles of the heart |
| Aneurysm AN-yir-IZ-um | an= up, eury= wide, sm = condition bulge in a blood vessel |
| Angioedema AN-jee-oh-DEE-mee-ah | angio= vessel, edema= swelling swelling of the blood vessels |
| Angioma AN-jee-OH-mah | angi= vessel, oma= tumor blood vessel tumor |
| Aortic aneurysm ay-OR=tik AN-yir-IZ-um | aort= aorta, ic= pertaining to, an - up, eury= wide, sm= condition bulging or swelling of the aorta |
| Aortic regurgitation ay-OR-tik ree-GIR-jih-TAY-shun | aort= aorta, ic= pertaining to, re= back, gurgit= bubble, ation= condition flow of blood backward from the aorta into the heart; caused by weak heart valve |
| Aortitis ay-or-TAI-tis | aort= aorta, itis = inflammation inflammation of aorta |
| Arteriopathy ar-TER-ee-AW-pah-thee | arterio= artery, pathy = disease disease of the arteries |
| Arteritis AR-ter-AI-tis | arter= artery, itis = inflammation inflammation of the arteries |
| Deep vein thrombosis | formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg |
| Hypertension HAI-per-TEN-shun | hyper= over, tens= stretch, ion= condition high blood pressure |
| Hypotension HAI-poh-TEN-shun | hypo= under, tens= stretch, ion= condition low blood pressure |
| Normotension NOR-moh-TEN-shun | normo= normal, tens= stretch, ion = condition normal blood pressure |
| Phlebitis fleh-BAI-tis | phleb= vein, itis = inflammation inflammation of the veins |
| Phlebostenosis FLEB-oh-sten-OH-sis | phlebo = vein, sten= narrow, osis= condition narrowing of veins |
| Thrombophlebitis THROM-boh-fleh-BAI-tis | thrombo= clot, phleb= vein, itis = inflammation inflammation of a vein caused by a clot |
| Vasculitis VAS-kyoo-LAI-tis | vascul= vessel, itis = inflammation inflammation of blood vessels |
| Antianginal AN-tee-AN-jih-nal | anti= against, angin= angina (choke), al= agent drug that prevents or relieves the symptoms of angina pectoris |
| Antiarrhythmic AN-tee-a-RITH-mik | anti= against, a= no, rrhythm= rhythm, ic= agent drug that opposes an irregular heartbeat |
| Anticoagulant AN-tee-koh-AG-yoo-lant | anti= against, coagul= coagulation, ant= agent drug that opposes the coagulation of blood |
| antihypertensive AN-tee-HAI-per-TEN-siv | anti= against, hyper= over, tens= stretch, ive= agent drug that opposes high blood pressure |
| Cardiotonic KAR-dee-oh-TAW-nik | cardio= heart, ton= tone, ic= agent drug that increases the strength of the heart contractions |
| Thrombolytic THROM-boh-LIH-tik | thrombo= clot, lyt= loose, ic = agent drug that breaks down clots |
| Vasoconstrictor VAS-oh-kin-STRIK-tor | vaso= vessel, contrict= narrowing, or= agent drug that causes the relaxation or expansion of a blood vessel |
| Vasopressor VAS-oh-PRES-or | vaso= vessel, press= press, or= agent drug that constricts or narrows the diameter of the blood vessel |
| Cardiomyotomy KAR-dee-oh-mai-AW-toh-mee | cardio= heart, myo= muscle, tomy= incision incision into the heart muscle |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass KAR-dee-oh-PUL-mon-AR-ee-BAI-pas | cardio= heart, pulmon= lung, ary = pertaining to bypass procedure that temporarily circulates and oxygenates a patient's blood during the portion of heart surgery where the heart is stopped |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) KAR-dee-oh-PUL-mon-AR-ee re-SUS-uh-TAY-shun | cardio= heart, pulmon= lung, ary= pertaining to, re= again, suscit= stir up, ation= procedure basic life support |
| Cardiothoracic surgery KAR-dee-oh-thoh-RA-sik surgery | cardio= heart, thoracic= pertaining to chest surgery that involves cutting through the patient's chest to get to the heart |
| Cardioversion KAR-dee-oh-VER-zhun | cardio= heart, vers= turn, ion= procedure returning a heart to normal rhythm |
| Coronary arterectomy KOR-ah-NER-ee AR-ter-EK-toh-mee | coron= heart, ary= pertaining to, arter= artery, ectomy= removal surgical removal of a coronary artery |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) KOR-ah-NER-ee AR-ter-ee BAI-pas GRAFT | borrowed piece of blood vessel used to bypass a blocked artery in the heart |
| Coronary artery bypass surgery | surgery to bypass a blocked artery in the heart |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention PER-kyoo-TAY-nee-us KOR-ah-NER-ee iN-ter-VEN-shun | per= through, cutane= skin, ous= pertaining to; coron= heart, ary= pertaining to alternate treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessels into the heart |
| Pericardiocentesis PER-ee-KAR-dee-oh-sin-TEE-sis | peri= around, cardio= heart, centesis= puncture puncture of the tissue around the heart |
| Pericardiotomy PER-ee-KAR-dee-AW-toh-mee | peri= around, cardio= heart, tomy= incision incision into the tissue around the heart |
| Valvectomy val-VEK-toh-mee | valv= valve, ectomy= removal surgical removal of a heart valve |
| Valvotomy val-VAW-toh-mee | valvo= valve, tomy= incision incision into a heart valve |
| Valvuloplasty VAL-vyoo-loh-PLAS-tee | valvulo= valve, plasty- reconstruction surgical reconstruction of a heart valve |
| Ventriculotomy ven-TRIK-yoo-LAW-toh-mee | ventriculo= ventricle, tomy= incision incision into a ventricle |
| Anastomosis ah-NAS-tah-moh-sis | ana= up, stom= mouth, osis= condition creation of an opening between two normally separate structures |
| Aneurysmectomy AN-yir-IZ-um-EK-toh-mee | an= up, eury= wide, sm= condition, ectomy= removal surgical removal of an aneurysm |
| Angioplasty AN-jee-oh-PLAS-tee | angio= vessel, plasty= reconstruction surgical reconstruction of a vessel |
| Angiorrhaphy AN-jee-OR-ah-fee | angio= vessel, rrhaphy= suture suture of a vessel |
| Aortorrhaphy ay-or-TOR-ah-fee | aorto= aorta, rrhaphy= suture suture of the aorta |
| Aortotomy ay-or-TAW-toh-mee | aorto= aorta, tomy= incision incision into the aorta |
| Aerteriectomy ar-TER-ee-EK-toh-mee | arteri= artery, ectomy= removal surgical removal of an artery |
| Arterioplasty ar-TER-ee-oh-PLAS-tee | arterio= artery, plasty- reconstruction surgical reconstruction of an artery |
| Arteriorrhaphy ar-TER-ee-oh-PLAS-tee | arterio= artery, rrhaphy= suture suture of an artery |
| Atherectomy A-ther-EK-toh-mee | ather= fatty plaque, ectomy= removal surgical removal of fatty plaque within an artery |
| Embolectomy EM-boh-LEK-toh-mee | embol= emolus, ectomy= removal surgical removal of an embolus |
| Endarterectomy END-ar-ter-EK-toh-mee | end= inside, arter= artery, ectomy= removal surgical removal of the inside of an artery |
| Phlebophlebostomy FLEB-oh-fleb-AW-stoh-mee | phlebo= vein, phlebo= vein, stomy= opening procedure to create an opening between two veins |
| Varicotomy VAR-ih-KAW-toh-mee | varico= swollen, tomy= incision surgical removal of a varicose vein |
| Venectomy veh-NEK-toh-mee | ven= vein, ectomy= removal surgical removal of a vein |
| AA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| A-fib | atrial fibrillation |
| ASD | atrial septal defect |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CABG | coronary artery disease |
| CAD | coronary artery disease |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CO | cardiac output |
| CTA | computed tomographic angiography |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| ECHO | echocardiogram |
| EKG | electrocardiogram |
| HTN | hypertension |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiography |
| MVP | mitral valve prolapse |
| NSR | normal sinus rhythm |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| SCA | sudden cardiac arrest |
| SV | stroke volume |
| TEE | Transesophageal echocardiogram |
| VSD | ventricular septal defect |
Created by:
cayla.marie
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